一米望远镜空间碎片漫反射激光测距系统  

The System of Space Debris Laser Ranging Based on l m Telescope

作　　者：宋清丽[1] 韩兴伟[1,2] 梁智鹏 董雪[1] 范存波[1,2] 刘承志[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台长春人造卫星观测站,吉林长春130117 [2]中国科学院空间目标与碎片观测重点实验室、中国科学院紫金山天文台,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《空间碎片研究》2017年第2期1-7,共7页Space Debris Research

摘　　要：为减小空间碎片对空间活动的影响，利用高精度激光测距技术进行空间碎片的跟踪与观测研究，能够大幅提高其定轨精度，对空间碎片的监测与预警可起到很重要的作用。文中详细介绍了长春人造卫星观测站一米望远镜空间碎片漫反射激光测距系统。该系统采用了500Hz高功率激光器，提高发射激光功率；利用大视场导星，实现目标闭环跟踪并提高初轨预报精度；通过对望远镜发射系统与接收终端的改造，使其具有空间碎片激光测距功能，实现了空间碎片的有效激光测距，获取的观测目标最远距离达到1700km、最小有效雷达散射截面达到1m^2，单次测距精度约80cm。该系统将会为空间碎片精密定轨及其他研究提供很大帮助。In order to reduce the influence of space debris on the spatial activity, we research the tracking and observation tech- nology of space debris based on laser ranging. It will greatly improve the space debris orbit accuracy and play an important role in the space debris monitoring and space surveillance. In this paper, we discuss the system of space debris laser ranging based on Changchun 1 m telescope. In order to increase the output laser power and far power density, the system adopts the high repetition rate and high quality beam laser. Simultaneously we use the large view field guide telescope to realize target closed-loop tracking and improve the ac- curacy of prediction. Then we upgrade the transmitting optical path and receiving terminal. Finally, we finish the space debris laser ranging and the range of space debris targets is to 1700km, the minimum RCS is to 1.0m^2, and ranging accuracy is about 80cm. The observation data will be a great help for space debris orbit and other research.

关 键 词：空间碎片 激光测距 高重复频率 轨道预报改进 一米望远镜 

分 类 号：P228.5[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]