地质罗盘方位测量的误差分析  

Error Analysis on the Object Orientation Measurement by Geological Compass

作　　者：高红灿[1] 李玉泽 徐少华 李小刚[1] 况昊[1] 刘虹利[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆科技学院石油与天然气工程学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《重庆科技学院学报（自然科学版）》2018年第1期6-10,共5页Journal of Chongqing University of Science and Technology：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：重庆市高等教育教学改革研究(重点)项目"断层两盘裂缝发育带宽度定量表征研究"(152045);中国石油科技创新基金研究项目"断层裂缝发育关键控制因素定量表征研究"(2016D-5007-0107);重庆科技学院科研基金项目"陆相断陷湖盆沉积充填动力学分析"(CK2016B14);重庆科技学院本科教育教学改革研究项目"沉积岩石学课程群实践教学改革与实践"(201624)

摘　　要：为探讨地质罗盘测量目标物方位的误差及其影响因素,从罗盘底座面不水平的情况入手进行计算分析。研究表明,决定罗盘测量目标物方位误差的因素有2个——垂直罗盘底座面的平面的倾角和目标物的仰角俯角,其误差与前者成反比,与后者成正比,且随着前者的减小或(和)后者的增大,误差增大的速率也越来越大。水平的罗盘底座面在以目标物的不正确方位线和正确方位线为旋转轴,顺时针转动相同角度造成罗盘底座面不水平的情况下(即罗盘底座面的倾角相等)测量同一目标物方位时,前一种情况产生的误差比后一种情况小,并随着转动轴与目标物正确方位线之间夹角的增大,其测量误差减小速率不断加大。当旋转轴与目标物正确方位线之间的夹角为90°时,其测量误差为0。In order to study the object orientation measurement error and its influencing factors, the object orienta- tion measurement error is analyzed in the case of the no level geological compass base. The research results are as follows ： first, there are two factors determining the error of object orientation measurement -- one is the dip an- gle of the plane vertical to geological compass base, the other is the object＇s elevation angle or depression angle. The error of object orientation measurement is inversely proportional to the former, and directly proportional to the latter, which increased more rapidly with the growing decrease of the former and/or with the growing increase of the latter. Secondly, to measure the same object orientation, the error in the case of the no level geological compass base caused by rotating same angle around the wrong object orientation line is smaller than around the right object orientation line, and it decreased more rapidly with the growing increase of the angle between the right object orien- tation line and rotation axis. There are no error when the rotation axis is vertical to the right object orientation line.

关 键 词：地质罗盘 方位测量 误差分析 

分 类 号：P204[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]