图们江陆封型马苏大麻哈鱼移殖培育及全人工繁殖  

Transplant Cultivation and Artificial Propagation of Landlocked Masu Salmon Oncorhynchus masou in Tumen River

作　　者：陈春山 魏凯 常宝全 马龙 郭明磊 

机构地区：[1]北京市水生野生动植物救护中心,北京102100 [2]北京市鲟鱼鲑鳟鱼创新团队,北京100021 [3]北京市怀柔区水产技术推广站,北京101400

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2018年第1期1-6,共6页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

基　　金：北京市鲟鱼鲑鳟鱼创新团队SCGWZJ(20121102-2)

摘　　要：为开发我国鲑科鱼类养殖新品种,将图们江陆封型马苏大麻哈鱼Oncorhynchus masou移殖至北京。稚鱼用玻璃钢育苗盆+水泥池,微流水和流水养殖,进口鲑鳟饲料作为开口饲料,2周后改为国产鲑鳟饲料培育至性成熟。2014—2015年人工采卵15.7万粒,受精率82%,孵化率68%。孵化水温6~8℃,受精卵至发眼期的积温为190~210℃·d,350~390℃·d时孵出。共孵化鱼苗8.7万尾,全人工繁殖获得成功。2^+龄雄鱼100%及雌鱼95%性腺发育成熟,雌亲鱼平均体质量(573.62±110.39)g,成熟系数(21.67±2.60)%,绝对繁殖力为(1 649.64±489.60)粒/尾。人工养殖环境下,图们江陆封型马苏大麻哈鱼繁殖性能较野生群体有极大改善,能进行规模化苗种生产。Landlocked masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou in Tumen River was introduced to Beijing for transplant cultivation in order to develop a new aquaculture species in family Salmonidae. In the process of breeding, early juvenile masu salmon was reared in glass fiber reinforced plastic seedling basin ＋ cement tanks in small-flow and flowing water of mountain stream and underground and fed imported salmon and trout feed as initial food for two weeks and then fed domestic salmon and trout feed to maturity. A total of 157 000 eggs were obtained by artificial propagation from 2014 to 2015 at water temperature of 6 to 8 ℃, with fertilization rate of 82% and hatching rate of 68%. The accumulative temperature was found to be 190 to 210 t＂ d from fertilization to eyed eggs, and 350 to 390 t.d to the freshly hatched larvae, with hatched fry of 87 000. The 2＋ year-old fish had 100% maturity in male and 95% in female and the female parent fish had average body weight of （573.62 ±110.39） g, gonado-somatic index of （21.67 ± 2.60） % and absolute fecundity of （ 1 649.64 ± 489.60） eggs/individual. Under the condition of artificial propagation, the Tumen landlocked masu salmon cultured in tanks in small-flow and flowing water of mountain stream and underground had much better reproductive performance than the wild population, indicating that the large-scale seed production is achievable.

关 键 词：马苏大麻哈鱼 移殖培育 全人工繁殖 

分 类 号：S965.199[农业科学—水产养殖]