育苗方式对甘草种苗质量的影响  

Influence of cultivation practices on licorice seedling quality

作　　者：王进明[1] 顾淑琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]靖远县农业技术推广中心,甘肃白银730699

出　　处：《草业科学》2018年第1期133-139,共7页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：甘肃省中药材产业科技攻关项目(GYC12-04)

摘　　要：为提高甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis)育苗效率和成苗质量,本研究设置温室穴盘育苗、温室苗床育苗、露地育苗3种育苗方式分析其对甘草种苗出苗率、移栽成活率及株高、根长、叶片数、总鲜重等形态指标的影响。结果表明,1)播后20 d时,温室苗床和穴盘育苗平均出苗率分别达到54.8%和53.8%,极显著高于露地出苗率31.4%(P<0.01);2)播后60 d移栽,温室内苗床和穴盘育苗平均成活率分别为92.3%和91.1%,而传统露地苗为93.5%,但三者差异不显著(P>0.05);3)播种后传统露地苗各性状指标都高于温室苗,其中叶片数和总鲜重两指标表现最为明显。传统露地育苗种苗性状指标高,但育苗时间较长(近一年),占用耕地;而温室育苗生物量较低但出苗率较高,育苗时间短(约60d)。生产中可以采用温室苗床育苗绿体移栽技术来提高甘草育苗效率,降低育苗时间和土地成本。In order to improve seedling efficiency and quality in licorice（ Glycyrrhiza uralensis）,the influence of cultivation practices,such as seed pot sowing,seed bed sowing or open field sowing on emergence rate,transplanting survival rate and some morphological indicators were studied. These analyses identified the following 1） At 20 d after sowing,the emergence rate was 54. 8% and 53. 8% under seed pot sowing and seed bed sowing respectively,but only 31. 4% under open field sowing. 2） At 60 d after sowing,the transplanting survival rates were 92. 3%,91. 1% and 93. 5%,respectively,these differences were not significant. 3） Morphological indicators showed greater devellopment in plants in the open field compared to the greenhouse,the most obvious two indexes were average number of leaves and total fresh weight. Our analyses,therefore indicate that licorice showed better morphological indicators,higher survival rate,and a longer nursery period（ nearly one year） in open field sowing,but a higher emergence rate and a shorter nursery time（ two months） in the greenhouse. We suggest that the use of a greenhouse for sowing licorice seeds could be combined with transplantation of seedlings with green leaves into the field,this combination would improve licorice seedling efficiency and quality,and reduce the nursery cost with respect to time and land in licorice production.

关 键 词：穴盘育苗 苗床育苗 露地育苗 绿体移栽 出苗率 移栽成活率 

分 类 号：S567.71[农业科学—中草药栽培]