龙岩市城区饮用水中消毒剂及其副产物分布水平  

The distribution level of disinfectant and its by-products in drinking water of Longyan urban area

作　　者：郭萍[1] 陈建安[1] 谢恺[1] 张声灿[1] 陈美珠[1] 陈惠琴[1] 张琦 

机构地区：[1]龙岩市疾病预防控制中心检验科,福建龙岩364000

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2018年第1期19-22,共4页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：目的了解龙岩市城区市政集中供水中消毒剂余留状况及消毒副产物(DBPs)分布水平与规律。方法 2014-2016年,于每年丰水期(6~8月)、枯水期(1~4月)对龙岩市主城区内8家市政水厂的出厂水和35个末梢水点采集水样共282份,采用GB/T 5750-2006《生活饮用水卫生标准检验方法》检测水样中二氧化氯、游离性余氯、三氯甲烷和亚氯酸盐浓度。结果消毒剂合格率为94.0%(265/282),其中游离性余氯合格率为91.6%,二氧化氯余量合格率为93.6%,消毒副产物合格率为100.0%。液氯消毒水中三氯甲烷浓度明显高于二氧化氯消毒水中三氯甲烷浓度,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);出厂水和末梢水DBPs浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),液氯消毒产生的三氯甲烷检出率丰水期大于枯水期,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);亚氯酸盐检出率丰水期大于枯水期,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),二氧化氯DBPs检出率为88.8%,高于液氯DBPs的70.0%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论龙岩市主城区DBPs分布处于较低水平,液氯和二氧化氯DBPs在管网中呈现不同的分布规律。消毒剂余量没有完全达到标准要求。提示适当增加出厂时消毒剂的投放,保证饮用水消毒效果。Objective To understand the distribution level and orderliness of the remaining status of disinfectant and its disinfection by-products（DBPs） in drinking water of municipal centralized water supply of Longyan urban area. Methods 2014-2016,in the annual wet season（June-August）,dry season（JanuaryApril）,from eight municipal water plant factory water and 35 peripheral water collection points,282 samples were collected and tested according to Drinking Water Hygienic Standard Standard Test Method（GB/T5750-2006） to detect the concentration of chlorine dioxide,free chlorine,trichloromethane and chlorite.Results The qualified rate of disinfectant was 94.0%（265/282）,of which the qualified rate of free residual chlorine was 91.6%,the qualified rate of chlorine dioxide was 93.6%,the qualified rate of DBPs was100.0%. The concentration of trichloromethane in the effluent disinfected by liquid chlorine was significantly higher than that disinfected by chlorine dioxide（P0.01）. There was no significant difference in DBPs concentration between the top water and end water（P 0.05）. The detection rate of trichloromethane produced by chlorine liquid disinfection in wet season was statistically higher than that in dry season（P0.01）.The detection rate of chlorite in wet season was higher than that in dry season,and the difference was not statistically significant（P0.05）. The detection rate of DBPs from chlorine dioxide（88.8%） was statistically higher than that from liquid chlorine（70.0%）（P0.01）. Conclusion The distribution of DBPs in the main urban area of Longyan is at a low level,and the DBPs of liquid chlorine and chlorine dioxide show different distribution in the pipe network. The remainder of disinfectant is not fully meet the standard requirements. It is suggested that the release of disinfectants in the factory should be appropriately increased to ensure the disinfection effect of drinking water.

关 键 词：饮用水 三氯甲烷 亚氯酸盐 消毒副产物 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]