虹口区预防接种后血小板减少性紫癜4例案例分析  

Analysis on 4 cases of idiapathic thrombocytopenic purpura after vaccination in Hongkou District, Shanghai, China

作　　者：钱晓华[1] 杨彦基[1] 李跃 徐巍[1] 徐芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市虹口区疾病预防控制中心,上海200082

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2018年第1期59-61,66,共4页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

摘　　要：目的通过4例预防接种后发生的血小板减少性紫癜(idiapathic thrombocytopenit purpura,ITP)报告病例分析疫苗相关的ITP诊断标准,探讨降低ITP偶合症的相关措施。方法查阅虹口区2010~2015年疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)信息管理系统、个案调查表及异常反应调查诊断资料,采用描述性方法进行分析。结果预防接种后发生4例ITP病例,经虹口区预防接种异常反应调查诊断专家组诊断,2例与疫苗接种相关,2例为偶合症。结论应对医生和家长加强预防接种后不良反应的宣传培训,发现异常及时就诊;疫苗相关的ITP诊断标准建议统一;对首次于门诊接种第2剂乙肝疫苗的儿童,医生应注意问询儿童母亲孕期健康情况和儿童有无先天畸形、感染等,以尽可能减少ITP偶合症。Objective To analyze the standard for diagnosis of vaccine-associated idiopathic thrombocytopenit purpura（ITP）and investigate the measures to reduce the coincidence of ITP. Methods The information management system of adverse events following immunization（AEFI） were inquired, while the case investigation form and the data of the investigation and diagnosis of abnormal reactions after vaccination during 2010 - 2015 in Hongkou District, Shanghai,China were collected and analyzed by descriptive methodology. Results Four cases of ITP occurred after vaccination, of which two were confirmed as vaccination-associated ones by the Investigation Diagnosis Expert Group of Abnormal Reactions after Vaccination in Hongkou District, and the other two cases were diagnosed as coincidence. Conclusion The propaganda and training on AEFI should be strengthened in the physicians and parents of children as subjects of vaccination to ensure the immediately visiting a doctor when ITP occurs. The diagnostic criteria for vaccine-associated ITP is suggested to be unified. The children vaccinated with the 2 nd dose of hepatitis B vaccine in the first visit to the outpatient service should be inquired for the health status of mothers during pregnancy as well as congenital malformation and infection so as to reduce the coincidence of ITP as far as possible.

关 键 词：预防接种 疫苗 血小板减少性紫癜 

分 类 号：R186.3[医药卫生—流行病学]