《泰王国民商法典》制定的历史背景  

Historical background of the enactment of The Civil and Commercial Code of the Kingdom of Thailand

作　　者：米良 

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学,北京100089

出　　处：《云南大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第2期128-136,共9页The Journal of Yunnan University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：2012年度国家社科基金项目<东南亚国家法制的演变及发展研究>(项目编号:12XFX008)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：《泰王国民商法典》是在近代泰国法制改革的大背景下产生的,有着复杂的社会历史背景。曼谷王朝拉玛四世以前,泰国历经素可泰王朝、大城王朝和曼谷王朝的一部分,朝代更迭,历时漫长但在法制上却保持了相对稳定。1851年,曼谷王朝四世王拉玛四世(1851-1868)登基,拉开了泰国近代史的序幕。1852年1月,英国在第二次英缅战争之后,占领了缅甸,并觊觎泰国。1855年,英国派其驻香港的总督鲍林率使团到泰国与拉玛四世谈判,威逼泰国于1855年4月18日签订了《英暹条约》(史称《鲍林条约》)。这一个不平等条约彻底打开了泰国闭关自守的大门,欧洲列强以该条约为蓝本,威逼泰国签订了类似条约。泰国自此成为一个半殖民地国家,其法制也逐步西化,泰国的法制也这一时期完成了从古代法制向现代法制的转型。事实上,泰国法制现代化的过程,就是一个从理论到制度逐步西化的过程。《泰王国民商法典》就是在这样一个大的背景下产生的。The Civil and Commercial Code of the Kingdom of Thailand emerged against the background of the legal reforms of Thailand in early modern times as well as complicated socio-historical factors. Before Rama IV of the Bangkok Dynasty,the kingdom of Thailand experienced through the Sukhothai Period,Large Empire Period and a part of the Bangkok Dynasty. The change of dynasties passed through a long time but the rule of law in Thailand remained stable relatively. 1851 saw Rama IV(1851-1868) become the king,which ushered in early modern times in Thailand. In January 1852,Britain occupied Burma after the Second Anglo-Burmese War and coveted the Kingdom of Thailand. In 1855,Mr. Pauling,the British Governor in Hong Kong,sent a delegation to negotiate with King Rama IV and forced the King to sign the Treaty between UK and Siam on April 18 th,1855. The Treaty is also named the Pauling Treaty. The unequal treaty fully opened the closed door of Thailand.And other European powers also forced the King to sign similar treaties as well by using the Pauling Treaty as a model. Since then,Thailand gradually became a semi-colonial country and its rule of law became more and more Western. In this period,the rule of law of Thailand accomplished the change from the ancient to the modern. In fact,the modernization of the rule of law in Thailand is a process of Westernization through a theoretical shift to an institutional one. It was the above-mentioned background that The Civil and Commercial Code of the Kingdom of Thailand emerged against.

关 键 词：泰王国民商法典 制定 历史背景 

分 类 号：D933.6[政治法律—法学] DD912.3