三维有限元动物椎体模型的建立及应力分析  

Establishment and Stress Analysis of Three-dimensional Finite Element Model of Animal Vertebral Body

作　　者：冯其金[1] 赵玲娟 谷福顺[1] 魏万利[1] 郑昆仑[1] 郭锐[1] 李瑞峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学第二附属医院,天津300150

出　　处：《中国中西医结合外科杂志》2018年第1期63-68,共6页Chinese Journal of Surgery of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine

基　　金：天津市高等学校科技发展基金计划项目(20140216)

摘　　要：目的:建立动物腰椎L_1-L_4椎体三维有限元模型,观察在压缩和拉伸载荷下椎间盘和韧带对应力和变形的影响。方法:获取新鲜绵羊脊柱标本,予CT常规扫描,所得数据使用Mimics10.01软件处理,分别建立单椎体,椎体+间盘,椎体+间盘+前、后纵韧带、棘上韧带三种不同的三维有限元模型,研究不同载荷下有限元模型应力变化。结果:考虑间盘与不考虑间盘对脊柱应力分布影响较小,两种模型的最大应力接近,数值为26.6 MPa,有或无间盘模型对脊柱变形的影响较大,椎间盘具有吸收脊柱轴向变形的作用。韧带在脊柱承担拉伸载荷时能够承担一部分载荷,前纵韧带和后纵韧带的最大应力数值分别接近为15.1 MPa和14.2 MPa。前纵韧带高应力位置靠后,后纵韧带的高应力位置靠前。韧带对应力作用影响小,间盘对应力作用影响大。结论:间盘对椎体应力的影响较大;韧带在脊柱拉伸时能够承担部分载荷,对应力的影响小,间盘具有吸收脊柱变形的作用。Objective To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of animal lumbar L1 -L4 , and to observe the effects of intervertebral disc and ligament on the stress and deformation under compression and tension. Methods Fresh sheep spine specimens were obtained and scanned with conventional CT. Then the data were dealed with Mimics10.01 software and three different models of three-dimensional ？nite element were established： single vertebral body, centrum plus intervertebral disc, and centrum plus intervertebral disc plus anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments and supraspinal ligaments. The stress variation of the ？nite element model under different loads was observed. Results Whether considering disc or not had small effect on the stress distribution of the spine, and the maximum stress of two models was close to 26.6 MPa. With or withoutdisc model had great effect on spinal deformation, the intervertebral disc had the function of absorbing axial deformation of the spine. Ligaments could bear part of the load when the spine was stretched. The maximumstress values of anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments were 15.1 MPa and 14.2 MPa, respectively. The high stress position of the anterior longitudinal ligament was backward, and the high stress position of the posterior longitudinal ligament was in front. Ligament had small influence on stress, and disc had great influence on stress. Conclusion Compared with ligament, the disc has more in？uence on stress. Ligaments can bear part of the load when the spine is stretched. Intervertebral disc can ease the impact of the distortion of spine.

关 键 词：动物椎体 三维有限元 载荷 力学 

分 类 号：R681.5[医药卫生—骨科学]