一株座壳孢菌的鉴定及营养和温度对其生长的影响  

Identification of an Aschersonia Isolate and Effects of Nutrition and Temperature on Its Mycelial Growth and Sporulation

作　　者：李倩 谢明[2] 李强[1] 张艳军[2] 毛新荣 邱卫亮[2] LI Qian;XIE Ming;LI Qiang;ZHANG Yanjun;MAO Xinrong;QIU Weiliang(Yunnan Agricultural University, Institute of Plant Protection, Kunming 65020 I, China;State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests/Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Dongfeng Town, Jian＇ou County, Nanping 353121, China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明650201 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所/植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室/农业部生物防治重点开放实验室,北京100193 [3]福建省建瓯市东峰镇农业技术站,南平353121

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2018年第1期92-98,共7页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201205/0402)

摘　　要：从江西赣南地区采集罹病的粉虱上分离得到座壳孢ZKB-1,形态学观察结合分子序列分析鉴定为扁座壳孢Aschersonia placenta。菌株ZKB-1对单糖、双糖、多糖等碳营养和有机氮、无机氮等氮营养的利用效果存在显著差异。菌株ZKB-1的菌丝生长以可溶性淀粉和酵母浸粉的最好(生长速率分别为0.56和0.60 mm/d),以葡萄糖和硫酸铵的最差(生长速率分别为0.36和0.44 mm/d)。菌株ZKB-1的分生孢子产生以葡萄糖和硝酸钾的最多(第21 d时的产孢量分别为7.78×10~7和1.40×10~8孢子/cm^2),以可溶性淀粉和蛋白胨最少(第21 d时的产孢量分别为0.63×10~7和1.20×107孢子/cm^2)。菌株ZKB-1在19~31℃均能正常生长,其菌丝生长和产孢的最适温度分别为28和25℃。本研究结果可为扁座壳孢菌的发酵生产提供参考。Aschersonia species are important entomopathogenic fungi with potential as biopesticides against whiteflies and coccids.An Aschersonia strain,named ZKB-1,was isolated from parasitized coccids collected from a citrus orchard in Gannan in Jiangxi Province.Based on the morphological characteristics and molecular analysis of ITS-rDNA gene,the isolate ZKB-1 was identified as Aschersonia placenta.The optimum carbon and nitrogen source and temperature for mycelial growth and sporulation in this fungus were determined.It was shown that starch and yeast extract powder were the optimum carbon and nitrogen source with mycelial growth speed of 0.56 and 0.60 mm/d,respectively,while glucose and ammonium sulfate were the least favorable ones with mycelial growth speed of 0.36 and 0.44 mm/d,respectively.Conidial yields grown on glucose and potassium nitrate were the highest,reaching 7.78×10~7 and 1.40×10~8 conidia/cm^2 on the 21 th day,respectively,while the yields grown on starch and peptone were the lowest,being 0.63×10~7 and 1.20×10~7 conidia/cm^2 on the 21 th day,respectively.The optimum temperature was 28 and 25 ℃for mycelial growth and for sporulation,respectively.Our results can provide a reference for the industrial fermentation of A.placenta.

关 键 词：生物防治 碳氮源 温度 菌丝生长 产孢 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]