中国特有濒危植物海菜花种群生态位研究  

Niche Studies on Populations of Endangered Endemic Plants Ottelia acuminate in China

作　　者：翟书华[1] 侯思名[1] 刘凌云[1] 杨晓虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明学院生命科学与技术系,云南昆明650214

出　　处：《北方园艺》2018年第4期133-137,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31360065);云南省高校特色生物资源开发与利用重点实验室资助项目(GXKM)

摘　　要：在对海菜花种群进行广泛生态学调查的基础上,抽样调查海菜花7个样地的自然居群,以分布样地类型作为一个资源位,对9个优势种的种群生态位宽度和生态位重叠进行计算。结果表明:群落中海菜花的生态位宽度最大(LB=3.621,HB=0.428),其它主要种群生态位宽度依次为眼子菜(Potamogetonsp.)、金鱼藻(Ceratophyllum demersum)、黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)、黄花狸藻(Utricularia aurea)、狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)、轮藻(Charasp.)、茨藻(Najas sp.)、苦草(Vallisneria natans),表明海菜花对环境资源具有较强的利用能力,但与眼子菜、狐尾藻、黑藻、黄花狸藻等种群的生态位重叠也较大,对环境资源利用的相似性较高,在环境资源供应不足时将导致竞争激烈,这可能是海菜花种群不能较好扩散而数量逐渐减少,导致其濒危的原因之一,这可以为海菜花的栽培、繁殖和保育提供参考依据。Based on extensive ecology investigation on Ottelia acuminate populations,seven natural populations from seven different localities were analyzed and investigated in this study.One distributing locality regarded as dimensional resource niche,the niche breadth and interspecific niche overlap among 9 dominant species were calculated.The results showed that the niche breadth in Ottelia acuminate was the largest（LB=3.621,HB=0.428）,and that in other major populations as Potamogeton sp., Ceratophyllum demersum, Hydrilla verticillata, Utricularia aurea,Myriophyllum spicatum,Charasp.,Najas sp.and Vallisneria natans were followed successively,indicating that Ottelia acuminate had a strong ability to utilize its environmental resources.But the niche of Ottelia acuminate overlaped too much with such populations as Potamogeton sp.,Myriophyllum spicatum,Hydrilla verticillata and Utricularia aurea,suggesting that these species had similar systems to use their environmental resources,and thus fierce competition might occur among them under the condition of insufficient supply of environmental resources,which might be one of the extinguished reasons for Ottelia acuminate due in the limitation to its population diffusion and thus resulting in the reduce in its quantity.The above mentioned in this study might provide a theoretical reference for cultivation,proliferation and conservation of Ottelia acuminate.

关 键 词：海菜花 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 濒危机制 

分 类 号：S645.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]