长春市城区公园土壤的肥力特征分析与评价  

Analysis and Evaluation of Soil Fertility of City Parks in Changchun City

作　　者：翁悦 吕竺妍 李腾 王琪琪 王咏[1] 张刚[1] WENG Yue;LYU Zhuyan;LI Teng;WANG Qiqi;WANG Yong;ZHANG Gang(School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学环境学院,长春130117

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2018年第1期28-33,共6页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中央高校基本科研项目业务专项基金(201710200188);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07201-011);吉林省教育厅项目(JJKH20170922kJ)

摘　　要：从长春市选择了8个主要的公园作为研究绿地土壤肥力的对象,采集每个公园表层土壤(0~50 cm)用于研究土壤pH、碱解氮、有机质、速效磷等土壤肥力属性,根据全国第二次土壤普查分级标准综合评定了绿地土壤的肥力水平,并采用改进的nemerow index进行分析。结果显示:大部分的土壤pH在7.5~8.5,这表明长春市公园绿地土壤大部分都属于弱碱性,土壤有机质平均含量为39.9 g/kg,变幅为17.1 g/kg^64.8 g/kg。长春市8个公园土壤碱解氮含量均值为42.1 mg/kg,变幅为6.2 mg/kg^191.7 mg/kg。有效磷的含量平均为12.7 mg/kg,变化范围为1.4 mg/kg^75.2 mg/kg之间,两极值相差73.8倍。改进的nemerow index结果显示:长春市公园土壤肥力综合指数在0.578~1.681之间,平均为1.070,说明长春市公园土壤肥力整体上属于中等偏贫瘠。根据研究结果,建议及时清理建筑及种植垃圾,并基于长春市地理位置特点,夏季利用残叶堆肥,冬季合理施肥。40 surface soil samples of eight main parks including Beihai, Ertong, Youyi, Baihua, Changchun, Chaoyang, Nanhu, Beihu in Changchun City were collected （at a depth of 0-50 cm）. Their pH, organic matter, alkali hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus, and other fertility characteristics were analyzed with reference to the 2nd National Soil Survey. The integrated soil fertility characteristics were evaluated by Nemero Index. Results indicated that the pH value of soil samples were slightly alkaline 7.5-8.5. The soil organic contents ranged from 17.1 to 64.8 g/kg and the average content was 39.9 g/kg. The average alkali hydrolysis N was 42.1 mg/kg, and ranged between 6.2 mg/kg and 191.7 mg/kg. The maximum and minimum value of available phosphorus was 1.4 mg/kg and 75.2 mg/kg and the mean value was 12.7 mg/kg The improved Nemero Index method of integrated soil fertility was found between 0.578 and 1.681, and average value was 1.070. The results demonstrated that the soil fertility was at medium to very low level. Therefore, the garbage of planting and construction should be appropriately managed and cleaned regularly. Furthermore, the fallen or shredded leaves should be used as compost in summer, and an appropriate amount of fertilizers should be applied in winter, based on the geographic features of Changchun City.

关 键 词：公园 土壤 肥力特征 内梅罗指数 氮磷 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]