多维统计分析法综合评价濒危药用植物甘松的根及根茎和全草药材质量  

Comprehensive evaluation of quality of Nardostachys Radix et Rhizoma and Nardostachys Herba by multidimensional statistical analysis

作　　者：金乾 李莹 群培[1] 向海燕 刘圆 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学药学院,四川成都610041 [2]西南民族大学民族医药研究院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中草药》2018年第4期919-927,共9页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：国家"十三五"科技支撑计划(2015BAC05B02);四川省应用基础研究项目(2018);西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金研究类项目(2018NZD10)

摘　　要：目的在甘松野生资源保护的前提下,其全草是否可等同药典中规定的根及根茎入药,探讨市场流通的甘松药材为全草的科学性。方法收集全国4省区的31批样品,常规方法测定植株根长、株高、干质量、挥发油含量、水溶性浸出物、甘松新酮含量、水分、总灰分、酸不溶性灰分等数据。运用灰色关联度法、回归分析法以及主成分分析(PCA)、层序聚类分析(HCA)法对反映药材质量的数据进行深入分析,综合评价野生甘松"全草"和"根及根茎"的药材质量。结果甘松药材质量优劣主要与根及根茎挥发油含量、根及根茎水溶性浸出物含量有较明显的相关性;甘松药材的根及根茎、全草具有差异的8个自变量中,水溶性浸出物、挥发油2个自变量对因变量有显著影响(P<0.01)。结论通过多维统计分析法对甘松全草、根及根茎的药材质量进行综合评价,甘松全草与根及根茎的挥发油与水溶性浸出物含量存在明显差异。再次证实甘松仍然以历版《中国药典》规定的根及根茎入药为佳;表明甘松全草不能完全替代甘松的根及根茎入药。Objective Based on the premise of wild resources protection of Nardostachysjatamansi, whether Nardostachys Herba （NH） could be equal to Nardostachys Radix et Rhizoma （NRR） specified in pharmacopeia for medical use or not, and to discuss the scientificity of using NH as the commodity specifications in market circulation. Methods The gray correlation, regression analysis and PCA, and HCA analysis were used to analysis the data, including the root length, plant height, dry weight, content of volatile oil, water-soluble extract, content of nardosine, moisture, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, etc., in order to comprehensively evaluate the quality of NH and NRR. Results The quality of NH and NRR were mainly correlated with the content of volatile oil and water soluble leach of NRR. Two variables corresponding to the dependent variable, aqueous extract and volatile oil, of total eight variables had significant influences between NH and NRR （P 〈 0.0l）. Conclusion The multidimensional statistical analysis of medicinal material quality illustrated an obvious difference between NH and NRR. It was conformed once again the NRR was to be the best for medical use, which was the same indexed regulations in different version of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The NH was not absolutely substituted for NRR.

关 键 词：甘松 甘松根及根茎 甘松全草 灰色关联度法 回归分析法 主成分分析 层序聚类分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]