主励磁机高频信号注入的无刷励磁同步电机低速阶段无位置传感器起动控制  

Sensorless Starting Control of Brushless Synchronous Machines at Low Speed Based on High-frequency Signal Injection by Main Exciter

作　　者：杨袁钰 魏佳丹[1] 周波[1] 刘兵[1] 薛嘉成 

机构地区：[1]多电飞机电气系统工信部重点实验室(南京航空航天大学)

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2018年第3期918-926,共9页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：中央高校基本业务费青年科技创新基金(NS2016033);航空预研基金(403050202);国防科技项目基金(0105061)~~

摘　　要：无刷励磁同步电机用作航空起动发电机,通常需安装位置传感器。为解决位置传感器带来的系统复杂化和可靠性降低的问题,低速阶段可采用主发电机高频信号注入估计转子位置,但引入的电流谐波会对起动输出力矩造成较大影响。为此该文提出一种适用于低速阶段的基于主励磁机高频信号注入的无刷励磁同步电机无位置传感器起动控制方法,利用主励磁机间接向主发电机励磁绕组注入高频信号,提取主发电机电枢绕组中的高频响应信号,经过计算处理获得转子位置信息。当电机静止时,主发电机励磁磁场的建立过程会在电枢绕组中感应产生的电流,根据电流极性判断转子初始位置所在扇区,并校正转子初始位置估计值。最后实验证明所提的无位置传感器起动控制方法具有较好的位置检测精度,能够实现无刷励磁同步电机在低速阶段的起动控制。The position sensor should be equipped in the brushless synchronous machine when it is used as a starter-generator in aviation power systems. In order to deal with the higher complexity and lower reliability caused by position sensor, the high-frequency injection method to estimate the rotor positions of the main generator was adopted at low speed. However, the harmonic currents generated by the proposed high-frequency injection method deteriorate the output torque in the starting mode. Therefore, a novel high-frequency signal injection strategy by main exciters for the sensorless starting control of brushless synchronous machines was presented. The high-frequency signal was indirectly injected into the field windings of the main generator by the main exciter. Then rotor position can be calculated by dealing with the high-frequency signal extracted from the armature windings of the main generator. The initial rotor position was corrected by the polarity of induced currents in armature windings of the main generator within the establishment process of field excitation at standstill. Finally, the accuracy of the position detection algorithm for the proposed brushless synchronous machine was validated by the experiment results, and the sensorless starting control at low speed was implemented.

关 键 词：无刷励磁同步电机 低速阶段 高频信号注入 无位置传感器起动控制 转子初始位置 

分 类 号：TM341[电气工程—电机]