酶/蛋白质与土壤组分界面作用的研究进展  

Advancement in the research of enzyme binding on the interfaces of soil components

作　　者：李艳[1] 谭文峰[2] 陈义[1] 吴春艳[1] 唐旭[1] 计小江[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院环境资源与土壤肥料研究所,杭州310021 [2]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2018年第2期205-214,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(4150010429);浙江省自然科学基金项目(Q16D010012)~~

摘　　要：矿物、有机质等是土壤重要的固相组分,它们构成了土壤活性界面,调制着土壤中重金属、有机污染物、生物大分子等的迁移转化及生物可给性。土壤酶/蛋白质多吸附于土壤有机质、矿物、有机质-矿物复合物上。综述了酶/蛋白质在界面上的吸附机制及其主要影响因素,分析了吸附态酶/蛋白质生物活性、构象的变化,以及构象变化与生物活性的内在关联性,总结了酶/蛋白质与界面作用的主要研究手段,并对分子模拟技术对酶/蛋白质与土壤界面的作用过程与机制、固定化酶作为降解有机污染物的环境材料进行了展望。Minerals and organic matter comprise the most active soil interfaces, which would affect the transportation, transformation, and biological availability of heavy metals, organic pollutants, and large biological molecules. Soil enzymes are closely related to the biogeochemical cycle of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other elements. Enzymes on soil often exist in the form of complexes at the soil interfaces. This paper reviewed recent advances in the mechanism of enzyme/protein adsorption on soil interfaces and the related major controlling factors, the change in conformation and activities of adsorbed enzymes and their inherent relationship, and the advanced experimental techniques for studying soil enzyme adsorption. Lastly, the prospects of immobilization research for degrading organic pollutants in soil and water in future research and the molecular modeling techniques for soil enzyme adsorption are discussed.

关 键 词：土壤 酶/蛋白质 界面反应 吸附 构象 酶活性 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]