水中分娩与硬膜外麻醉无痛分娩对母婴结局的影响研究  

Effects of birth in water and epidural anesthesia painless delivery on maternal-infant outcome

作　　者：李霞[1] 闫金玲 杨玉秀[1] 张国华[1] 张泳[1] 王雪利 

机构地区：[1]河北省石家庄市第四医院,050011

出　　处：《河北医药》2018年第4期554-557,共4页Hebei Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的比较水中分娩与硬膜外麻醉无痛分娩的分娩结局,分析水中分娩的有效性和安全性。方法选取2015年1月至2016年12月进行水中分娩的产妇692例为试验组,选取同期行硬膜外麻醉无痛分娩的产妇732例为对照组,观察2组孕妇的产程时长、会阴损伤情况、产后出血量、新生儿评分等分娩结局指标。结果与对照组相比,试验组产妇的第一产程、第二产程、第三产程时间较短、会阴损伤较小、助产率较低,新生儿1 min评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);产后出血量、新生儿5 min、10 min评分的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论水中分娩较硬膜外麻醉无痛分娩有缩短产程、减轻会阴损伤等优势,并不增加新的分娩风险,为不能接受硬膜外麻醉的孕妇及其家庭提供了更多的分娩选择。Objective To compare the effects between birth in water and epidural anesthesia painless delivery on maternal-infant outcome,and to explore the effectiveness and safety of birth in water. Methods A total of 692 parturients who underwent birth in water in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were enrolled as experimental group,at the same time,the other 732 parturients who underwent epidural anesthesia painless delivery were enrolled as control group. The length of labor,perineal injury,postpartum hemorrhage volume,neonatal scores were observed and compared between two groups.Results The lengths of first stage of labor,second stage of labor and third stage of labor in experimental group were shorter than those in control group,and perineal injury was less and midwifery rate was lower,however,the scores of 1 minute were significantly higher than those in control group（ P〈0. 05）. In addition there were no significant differences in postpartum hemorrhage volume,neonatal 5-minute and 10-minute scores between two groups（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The birth in water is superior to epidural anesthesia painless delivery,which can shorten birth process,relieve perineal injury,without increasing risk of childbirth,which provide more options of delivery mode for the pregnant women who can not accept epidural anesthesia.

关 键 词：水中分娩 产程时间 会阴损伤 助产率 

分 类 号：R714.3[医药卫生—妇产科学]