污水处理厂厌氧氨氧化工艺小试  

Lab-scale ANAMMOX Process in a Wastewater Treatment Plant

作　　者：李冬[1] 赵世勋 王俊安[2] 朱金凤 关宏伟[1] 张杰[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学水质科学与水环境恢复工程北京市重点实验室,北京100124 [2]北京桑德环保集团技术研发中心,北京101102 [3]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《环境科学》2018年第2期859-864,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金项目(51222807)

摘　　要：在市政污水处理厂进行厌氧氨氧化工艺小试实验.试验以A/O除磷和亚硝化工艺处理后的生活污水为基质,室外启动并运行上向流厌氧氨氧化生物滤柱.第109 d时,连续15 d氨氮和亚硝氮去除率大于90%,总氮去除率大于70%,厌氧氨氧化生物滤柱启动成功.第245~333 d,运行进入冬季,滤料生物量(以VSS计,下同)为12.24 mg·g^(-1),平均总氮去除率为54.3%.第461 d对滤柱进行反冲洗,滤料生物量降低至8.01 mg·g^(-1).第605~693 d,运行再次进入冬季,滤料生物量为10.41 mg·g^(-1),平均总氮去除率为69.7%.生物量小于去年同期水平,但总氮去除负荷提高了23%.在整个运行过程中,高温(30℃)污泥厌氧氨氧化速率基本保持不变,低温(15℃)厌氧氨氧化速率(以MLSS计)从1.5 kg·(kg·d)^(-1)增长到3.6kg·(kg·d)^(-1).结果表明,长期低温驯化有利于提高厌氧氨氧化工艺低温处理效果,实现冬季厌氧氨氧化工艺高效运行.A lab-scale,completely anaerobic ammonium oxidation（ ANAMMOX） process was operated in a municipal wastewater treatment plant（ WWTP）. Sewage effluent treated by an A/O process and nitrification process was input as the substance to start up the up-flow ANAMMOX filter reactor. After the 109 thday,the ammonia removal rate and nitrite removal rate were greater than 90% for15 successive days and the nitrogen removal rate was higher than 70%. The ANAMMOX filter reactor successfully started up. From days 245 to 333,the reactor was running during the winter. The weight of biomass reached 12. 24 mg·g^（-1）,and the average nitrogen removal rate was 54. 3%. Backwash was adopted at day 461,and the weight of biomass decreased to 8. 01 mg·g^（-1）. From days 605 to693,the reactor was running in the winter again. The weight of biomass was 10. 41 mg·g^（-1）,and the average nitrogen removal rate was sustained at 69. 7%. Compared with the previous winter,the weight of biomass was lighter but the total nitrogen removal loading was23% greater. For the entire operation,the ANAMMOX rate at high temperature was stable but that at low temperature increased from1. 5 kg·（ kg·d）-1 to 3. 6 kg·（ kg·d）-1. The results show： Long-term domestication at low temperature was in favor of improving treatment efficiency of ANAMMOX process in cold environment and realized ANAMMOX process operated efficiently in winter.

关 键 词：生活污水 低温 厌氧氨氧化 滤柱 生物膜 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]