二倍体与四倍体葡萄品种形态特征与若干生理指标比较研究  

Morphological Characteristics and A Few Physiological Indices of Diploid and Tetraploid Grape Cultivars: A Comparative Study

作　　者：赵旗峰[1] 张晓萍[1] 黄丽萍[1] 王敏[1] 赵雪辉[1] 马小河[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2018年第1期68-74,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山西省科技重点研究项目"葡萄产业提质增效技术开发与示范"(201603D211105);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-30-5);农业部农作物种质资源保护项目"物种资源保护"(1120162130135252002);山西省资源平台建设项目"葡萄种质资源多样性分析及其初级核心种质的构建"(2015091004-0105);山西省农业科学院攻关项目"葡萄倍性差异引起的激素代谢水平的研究"(YGG0812)

摘　　要：为了给葡萄倍性选育工作提供理论依据和科学参考价值,对不同葡萄品种二、四倍体的形态特征、叶绿素含量、原花色素含量及POD、CAT、MDA含量进行了测定、分析。结果表明:(1)不同葡萄品种四倍体在植物学特性方面与二倍体对照,表现出巨大性的特点;(2)不同葡萄品种叶片中原花色素含量四倍体高于二倍体;(3)不同葡萄品种叶片中叶绿素含量四倍体高于二倍体;(4)不同葡萄品种叶片中MDA含量均极低;(5)不同葡萄品种叶片中POD、CAT活性四倍体高于二倍体。由此可以看出,葡萄同源四倍体相对于二倍体植株而言,不仅其形态方面均表现出巨大性的特点,同时适应性和抗逆性也均增强。To provide theoretical basis and scientific reference for grape ploidy breeding, we studied andanalyzed morphological characteristics, chlorophyll content, proanthocyanidin content and POD, CAT, MDAcontent of diploid and tetraploid plants of different grape cultivars. Results showed that tetraploid berries hadgreater size than diploid ones. It was also found that proanthocyanidin and chlorophyll content in leaves oftetraploid plants were higher than that of diploid plants. Results also indicated that MDA content in leaves ofdifferent cultivars was all at a low level. Meanwhile, POD and CAT content in leaves of tetraploid plants werehigher than that of diploid plants. Therefore, it can be deduced that tetraploid plants had not only greater berrysize but also stronger adaptability and stress resistance than diploid plants of the same cultivar.

关 键 词：葡萄 不同倍性 形态特征 生理指标 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]