当前西藏肉羊产业发展现状、问题及相应对策  

Development Status, Existing Problems and Corresponding Countermeasures of the Tibetan Mutton Sheep Industry

作　　者：刘孟君 任越 达娃顿珠[1] 次旺仁增 扎西央宗 尼珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农牧科学院畜牧兽医研究所,西藏拉萨850009

出　　处：《畜牧与饲料科学》2018年第1期60-68,共9页Animal Husbandry and Feed Science

摘　　要：西藏是我国的五大牧区之一,也是我国最大的高寒草甸草原畜牧区。养羊业在西藏拥有着悠久的历史,也是发展农牧区经济的一项重要支柱产业。近十年来,西藏绵羊资源数量均保持在1.00×107只左右,占西藏牲畜总数的1/2,数量位居其他家畜之首。西藏农牧区饲养羊现阶段仍然以全年放牧方式为主,肉羊单产水平低、规模化养殖比例低,而且目前西藏农牧区养羊普遍存在着两大问题:一是藏系绵羊品种退化;二是放牧草地资源遭到严重破坏。从西藏肉羊存栏量、出栏量、肉产量、从业人员情况、肉类购买量及耕地情况等方面深入分析了西藏肉羊产业发展现状,并在该基础上总结了西藏肉羊产业发展的潜力,最后就如何提高肉羊规模化养殖提出了相应对策和建议。Tibet is one of the five largest pastoral areas and is also the largest grazing area in alpine meadow grassland of China.The sheep industry has a long history in Tibet and is also an important pillar industry in the development of agricultural and pastoral economy. In the past ten years, the inventory number of sheep in Tibet has remained ten million, accounting for half of the total livestock inventory number in Tibet. At present, in the farming and pastoral areas of Tibet, the whole year grazing is still the dominant mode for sheep breeding, resulting in the poor individual production performance and low ratio of large-scale farming. Currently, there are two major problems in sheep breeding in the Tibetan farming and pastoral areas： one is that the variety of Tibetan sheep has being degenerated, and the other is that the grassland resources for grazing have been severely damaged. This paper analyzes the development status of the Tibetan mutton sheep industry from the following aspects： sheep inventory number, sheep number for sale, mutton production, employees in this industry, mutton consumption and farmland, and summarizes the developmental potential of the mutton sheep industry in Tibet. Furthermore, we put forward some countermeasures and suggestions on promoting the development of large-scale sheep breeding in Tibet.

关 键 词：西藏 肉羊产业 发展现状 对策 

分 类 号：F326.3[经济管理—产业经济] S8-1[农业科学—畜牧兽医]