涉外股权收购合同关系的法律适用  

The Application of Law of the Contractual Relations in Foreign-related Share Deals

作　　者：任宏达 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院国际法研究所

出　　处：《国际法研究》2018年第1期99-111,共13页Chinese Review of International Law

摘　　要：我国立法长久以来对于外商投资设立了严格的审批制度,并就相关协议强制适用中国法律,而真正私法角度思维的缺位导致了人民法院面对日益复杂的全球化股权转让纠纷时,存在混淆各类民事关系、错误援引法律条文等问题,因此有必要先行梳理合同关系法律适用的基础。随着法技术角度研究的进步,限制股权转让不再局限于干预收购合同的生效,因此对合同强制适用我国法律也非必然选择。无论具有何种涉外因素,股权收购合同关系法律适用的出发点都应是合同准据法,其推导原则上依据《涉外民事关系法律适用法》第41条的普通规则,且《关于外国投资者并购境内企业的规定》第22条的特殊规则不能优先适用。涉及上市公司股票转让的合同关系在普通规则基础上应排除特征性履行说的适用。A strict system of administrative examination and approval by the foreign direct investments （FDI） in China inclusive of a mandatory application of Chinese law of the relevant agreements has been set up for a long time. Currently overwhelmingly few studies have been carried out on these issues from the view of private law. But in face of more and more complex M＆A lawsuits with foreign elements it created the confusions in the civil relations and the unreasonable application of articles in the judicial practice. Therefor as a first step it is necessary to clarify the application of laws of the contractual relations. Based on a development of legal techniques for a restriction of transfer of shares it is not necessary to restrict the validity of contracts any more, thus the role of the mandatory application of Chinese law is not so important as the past. In fact the restrictions of transfer of shares according to the articles of association of a company and the approval systems in framework of FDI cannot be excluded by the autonomy of will. The application of law of the share transfer contracts should be determined by lex contractus which mainly governed by Article 41 of the Law of the Application of Law for Foreign-related Civil Relationz of the People＇s Republic of China, and in framework of inbound acquisitions, Article 22 of the Provision~ on M＆A of A Domestic Enterprise by Foreign Investors does not have a priority. Relating to the application of law of the listed shares, the characteristic performance should be excluded.

关 键 词：涉外股权收购合同 股权转让合同纠纷 合同关系 合同准据法 

分 类 号：D997.3[政治法律—国际法学]