北京不同年径流总量控制率下设计降雨量的空间分布  

Spatial Distribution of Design Rainfall Depth under Different Volume Capture Ratios of Annual Rainfall in Beijing City

作　　者：张质明[1] 胡蓓蓓 李俊奇[2] 潘润泽[1,2] 王文亮[2] 黄诗月 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学北京应对气候变化研究和人才培养基地,北京100044 [2]北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境省部共建教育部重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2018年第5期126-130,共5页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金重点资助项目(14CSA001);北京市自然科学基金资助项目(8154044);北京未来城市设计高精尖创新中心资助项目(UDC2016040100)

摘　　要：为科学确定海绵城市年径流总量控制目标,以北京市为例,在考虑降雨空间分布规律的基础上,计算不同年径流总量控制率条件下的各区域设计降雨量,并对造成空间差异的成因进行分析。结果表明,由于城市热岛效应、城市建筑物阻碍效应与城市凝结核效应所造成的雨岛现象以及地形、季风等因素的综合影响,北京市降雨强度的空间差异较大,在75%~90%的年径流总量控制率范围内,对应的设计降雨量具有明显的空间差异性,总体呈现城区高于郊区,并形成西南—东北方向的等值梯度。其中,中心城区、顺义、朝阳、丰台以及房山的西部设计降雨量较高。因此在确定LID雨水设施规模时,应根据项目所在地的雨量站点资料进行年径流总量控制率与设计降雨量关系曲线的分析,并以此作为指导。To scientifically determine volume capture ratio of annual rainfall of the sponge city, taking Beijing City for example, on the basis of considering the spatial distribution of precipitation, the design rainfall depth of different districts under different volume capture ratios of annual rainfall was cal- culated, and the reason for its spatial difference was analyzed. The results showed that there was great spatial difference of the precipitation intensity in Beijing, which was caused by terrain, monsoon, urban rain island effect relating to the urban heat island, city building block effect and condensation nuclei and so on. In the general range of 75% -90% of volume capture ratio of annual rainfall, the design rainfall depth had obvious spatial heterogeneity, and its overall profile was urban area higher than suburb and e-quivalent gradient from the southwest to the northeast, and the design rainfall depth of Dongcheng Dis- trict, Xieheng District, Shunyi District, Chaoyang District, Fengtai District, as well as the western part of Fangshan District was higher among them. Theretbre, when deternlining LID facilities scale, the guid- ance should be made by analyzing the relationship between the volume capture ratio of annual rainfall and the design rainfall depth according to the regional rainfall site data.

关 键 词：海绵城市 年径流总量控制率 设计降雨量 空间分布 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]