超子-核子相互作用理论研究的最新进展  

Recent development in theoretical studies of hyperon-nucleon interaction

作　　者：李凯文 任修磊 耿立升 龙炳蔚[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学物理科学与核能工程学院,宇宙中的核物理交叉研究中心,北京100191 [2]北京大学物理学院,核物理与核技术国家重点实验室,北京100871 [3]北京航空航天大学,先进核能材料与物理北京市重点实验室,北京100191 [4]四川大学物理科学与技术学院,成都610064

出　　处：《科学通报》2018年第1期38-52,共15页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年科学基金(11522539);国家自然科学基金(11375024,11375120)资助

摘　　要：超核物理是核物理的一个重要分支,其微观理论的基本出发点为超子-核子相互作用.研究超子-核子相互作用不仅有助于理解奇异性在粒子物理与核物理中的作用,还可以检验SU(3)味对称性及其破缺程度.文章首先回顾了超核物理的起源,随后简要列举了在核物理、粒子物理以及天体物理等领域中,与超核物理相关的几个前沿热点问题,并指出研究超子-核子相互作用的重要性.接下来着重介绍超子-核子相互作用的理论研究历史及发展现状.在现有的相关工作中,研究方法主要包括唯象模型、格点量子色动力学模拟和手征有效场论.其中手征有效场论作为低能区量子色动力学的有效理论,在研究介子、重子等微观系统中展现出了独特的优势.因此,文章特别介绍了基于手征有效场论的超子-核子相互作用的最新理论研究进展.Hypernuclear physics is the study of hypernuclei, their decays and productions, and the role they play in other related fields. It has always been at the frontier of experimental and theoretical nuclear physics since the quantum number strangeness was introduced and the first A hypernuclus was discovered in 1953. In recent years, open questions such as the large change symmetry breaking in A=4 A hypernuclei, the overbinding problem of A=5 A hypernucleus, the existence of the H-dibaryon and the hyperon puzzle in neutron stars have attracted a lot of attention. Today facilities like J-PARC, KEK, JLab, MAMI and COSY allow one to study the properties of hypernuclei with a precision and scope hitherto impossible. The experiments focus not only on the spectroscopy and weak decays of hypernuclei with strangeness S=-1 and S=-2, but also on the fundamental EN cross sections. In the meantime, theoretical techniques of few- and many-body calculations for hypernuclei have made steady progress, such as the Gaussian expansion method, the lattice QCD simulations and the Dirac-Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach. Hyperon-nucleon interaction is the key input of the hypernuclear few- and many-body calculations. It plays a fundamental role in the microscopic understanding of hypernuclear physics. Meanwhile, it can also help improve our understanding of the role of strangeness in particle and nuclear physics, as well as the SU（3） symmetry and its breaking. In this paper, we first review the origin of hypernuclear physics and enmumerrate the aforementioned open questions of current interest. These outstanding issues reflect that the hyerpon-nucleon interaction is not fully understood so far. Then we discuss at length the history and current status of theoratical studies of hyperon-nucleon interaction, which are mainly performed in phenomenological models, lattice quantumchromo dynamics （lattice QCD） simulations and chiral effective field theory. The construction of phenomenological models, such as meson exchange models and qua

关 键 词：超核物理 超子-核子相互作用 手征有效场论 

分 类 号：O57[理学—粒子物理与原子核物理]