超细氧化铝基陶瓷纤维的静电纺丝制备  

Preparation of ultrafine alumina-based ceramic fibers via electrospinning

作　　者：刘文胜[1] 杨波平[1] 马运柱[1] 宋晓雷 王娟[1] 徐书恒 

机构地区：[1]中南大学粉末冶金国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第2期300-306,共7页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家科技计划项目(51312J005)~~

摘　　要：以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和添加硼酸作为稳定剂的次乙酸铝(BAA)为原料,采用静电纺丝工艺制备得到超细氧化铝基陶瓷纤维。研究结果表明:当溶胶质量分数从15.0%升高到37.5%时,纺丝液的表面张力为21~23 mN/m,电导率自36.8μS/cm上升到53.3μS/cm;在相同剪切速率下,黏度随着溶胶质量分数的升高而增大,纺成纤维平均直径从1 283 nm增大到3 921 nm;在溶胶质量分数变化的过程中,纺丝液黏度的变化是影响纺成纤维直径的主导因素;当溶胶质量分数为15.0%~22.5%时,纺成纤维形貌良好,若溶胶质量分数继续升高,纺成纤维形貌则逐渐恶化;当溶胶质量分数为22.5%、烧结温度为1 000℃时,可制备出直径为660 nm、由Al_4B_2O_9相和非晶SiO_2组成的超细氧化铝基陶瓷纤维。Ultrafine alumina-based ceramic fibers were prepared via electrospinning using tetraethyl orthosilicate （TEOS） and boric acid stabilized aluminum acetate （BAA） as raw materials. The results show that, when the sol mass fraction varies from 15.0% to 37.5%, the surface tension of spinning solution keeps in the range of 21 mN/m to 23 mN/m, the conductivity of spinning solution increases from 36.8 μS/cm to 53.3 μS/cm, at the same shear rate, the dynamic viscosity increases, and the average diameter of as-spun fibers increases from 1 283 nm to 3 921 nm. The viscosity of spinning solution is the dominant factor that affects the fiber diameter when the mass fraction of the sols varies. When the mass fraction ranges from 15.0% to 22.5%, as-spun fibers with less defects can be obtained, while when sols with higher mass fractions are used, the morphology of the as-spun fibers deteriorates. The polycrystalline alumina-based ceramic fibers consisted of Al4B2O9 phase and amorphous SiO2 with an average diameter of 660 nm are successfully prepared after sintering the as-spun fibers, which are derived from the sol with a mass fraction of 22.5% at 1 000 ℃.

关 键 词：氧化铝基纤维 静电纺丝 溶胶质量分数 纤维直径 

分 类 号：TQ343[化学工程—化纤工业]