西安市老年妇女生命质量及其影响因素研究  

Study on Life Quality and Influence Factors in Old Women in Xi'an City

作　　者：肖婷[1] 徐莎莎[1] 邵佩[1] 苏向妮[1] 葛伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学护理学院,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2018年第1期34-37,共4页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：陕西省国际科技合作计划项目(2013KW34-01)

摘　　要：目的了解西安市老年妇女生命质量现状,分析其影响因素,为制定有关老年妇女的相关制度政策提供依据。方法采用自行设计的一般情况问卷、简易健康量表(SF-36)对西安市城区老年妇女进行调查。采用单因素分析和多元逐步回归,分析老年妇女的生命质量影响因素。结果西安市老年妇女生命质量得分为79.08±17.59;单因素分析显示,年龄、有无配偶、文化程度、是否锻炼、子女孝顺度、生活中获得帮助程度、精神上获得帮助程度、慢性病史对老年妇女的生命质量具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元逐步回归显示,年龄、体育锻炼、慢性病史、精神上获得帮助程度为老年妇女生命质量影响因素。结论高龄、缺乏锻炼、有慢性病及精神上获得帮助有困难是影响老年妇女生命质量的独立危险因素,家庭和社会应该有针对性地开展社区卫生保健项目,以促进老年妇女生命质量的提高。Objective To investigate the condition of quality of life of elderly women in Xi'an city,and explore the possible influence factors among old women individuals,and then provide evidence for policy-making to improve elderly women's QOL.Methods Self-designed questionnaire and the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-36)were used to measure QOL of old women.Variance analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze influential factors of QOL of old women in Xi'an.Results The average score of the life quality of the elderly women was 79.08±17.59.The One-way ANOVA indicated that age,marital status,educational level,physical exercise,fertility quantity,material assistance,spiritual assistance and history of chronic disease presented statistically significant on SF-36 total score(P<0.05).The multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that age,physical exercise,history of chronic disease and spiritual assistance affected the scores of QOL of elderly women.Conclusion Advanced age,lack of exercise,history of chronic disease and spiritual assistance are independent risk factors of the QOL in elderly women.The family and government should take corresponding community health care program to enhance the QOL of elderly women.

关 键 词：老年人 妇女 生命质量 影响因素 

分 类 号：D669.68[政治法律—政治学] R163[政治法律—中外政治制度]