典型小型水库表层沉积物重金属分布特征及生态风险  

Distribution patterns and ecological risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in surface sediments deposited in a typical small sized water reservoir

作　　者：匡帅 保琦蓓 康得军[2] 申秋实[1,4] 张路 刘成[1] 王恺[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]福州大学土木工程学院,福州350116 [3]宁波检验检疫科学技术研究院,宁波315192 [4]中国科学院中非联合研究中心,武汉430074

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2018年第2期336-348,共13页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51409241);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2013ZX07113001);国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点专项(2016YFE0123300)联合资助

摘　　要：以典型乡镇水库通济桥水库表层沉积物为研究对象,在分析其中As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn等有毒、有害重金属分布特征的基础上,分析重金属来源,评价重金属污染程度及其潜在生态危害.结果表明:通济桥水库表层沉积物中,上述8种重金属均存在一定程度的污染,坝前和入库区污染物蓄积更为明显.其中,Hg和Cd的污染范围较广、污染程度较严重.受重金属Hg和Cd的影响,水库表层沉积物存在中等程度的重金属生态危害风险,其中坝前区域已处于强风险等级.为保障水库水体水质安全,防范重金属污染应提到当前水库管理工作的重要位置.Based on analysis of distribution patterns of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb and Zn in surface sediments of the Tongjiqiao Reservoir that is a typical town reservoir,pollution degree and ecological risks were assessed by single factor index method,geoaccumulation index,potential ecological risk method and principal component analysis. The results showed that: 8 kinds of heavy metals had a certain degree of pollution in surface sediments and accumulated mainly in pre dam and southwest area. Pollution of Hg and Cd is in the broader,deeper level. Because of influence of Hg and Cd,there was a moderate ecological risk of heavy metals in the surface sediments. With reference to management of reservoirs,it is of great significance to ensure the safety and management of water quality in the small sized reservoirs by putting prevention of heavy metals pollution in an important position.

关 键 词：表层沉积物 重金属污染 重金属来源 生态风险 小型水库 通济桥水库 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X826