北京市翠湖国家湿地公园血红裸藻(Euglena sanguinea)水华衰亡过程  

Decay process of Euglena sanguine bloom in Cuihu National Wetland Park,Beijing City

作　　者：毛启迪 杨苏文[2,3] 金位栋[2,3] 焦立新[2,3] 刘雷 闫玉红[2,3] 杨敬亭 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学资源环境与化工学院,南昌330031 [2]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]中国环境科学研究院、国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室、湖泊生态环境创新基地,北京100012

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2018年第2期394-402,共9页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07102-004)和中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(2016YSKY-006)联合资助.

摘　　要：本文研究了北京翠湖湿地公园夏、秋季水华优势藻血红裸藻(Euglena sanguinea)从水华发生到衰亡过程的细胞密度、形态特征及其与环境因子的关系.结果发现,2016年8月下旬至9月中旬血红裸藻密度稳定增加,9月20日藻密度达到峰值5.13×106cells/L;9月下旬至11月底藻密度显著下降;血红裸藻在衰亡过程中呈现细胞形态由大变小、由细长变为圆形,细胞颜色由深变浅,运动速率由快变慢的趋势,衰亡后形成具透明胶被孢子的休眠体;血红裸藻群落生长的主控因子为水温和p H,其适宜的环境阈值范围为水温23~27℃,p H 7.3~8.0;其受光照强度影响存在分层现象,弱光强区域藻密度相对较低;血红裸藻的衰亡过程与铵态氮浓度呈显著正相关,低浓度时加速衰亡;与总氮浓度呈负相关,衰亡后总氮浓度显著升高;受总磷浓度影响相对较小,与溶解氧浓度无显著相关关系.Cell density,morphology and characteristic change of Euglena sanguinea and its relationship with environmental factors were investigated during algal bloom and decay process in Beijing Cuihu Lake National Wetland Park. The phytoplankton and water samples were collected from August to November,2016. The results showed that the density of Euglena sanguinea increased steadily from late August to mid-September,and reached the peak point on September 20( 5. 13 × 106 cells/L). Then it decreased significantly from late September to the end of November. During the decay process of Euglena sanguinea,the cell size became smaller,and the cellular morphology transformed from spindly to round. The cell color changed from dark to light. Meanwhile the speed of its movement gradually slowed down. Eventually the cell formed into hypopus with the spores in it covered by a transparent gum.The results indicated that the decline of Euglena sanguinea density was significantly depended upon water temperature and p H.The threshold ranges of optimum temperature was 23 ~ 27℃,that of p H was 7. 3 ~ 8. 0. The stratification phenomenon of algae density was mainly affected by light intensity. The density of algae was relatively low in the weak light region. The decay process of Euglena sanguinea was positively correlated with ammonia concentration,and it could accelerat decay speed at low concentra-tion. Furthermore,the decay process of Euglena sanguine was negatively correlated with total nitrogen concentration. It significantly increased during the process of decline. It was less affected by total phosphorus concentration. There was no significant correlation between the decay process and dissolved oxygen.

关 键 词：血红裸藻 衰亡过程 生态学特征 环境因子 冗余分析(RDA) 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]