多因素影响下土壤上升毛管水运动特性HYDRUS模拟及验证  

HYDRUS simulation and verification of movement characteristics of upward capillary water flow in soil as affected by multi-factor

作　　者：钟韵[1] 费良军[1] 傅渝亮[1] 陈琳[1] 刘乐 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学水资源研究所,西安710048

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第5期83-89,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51479161;51779205);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400204)

摘　　要：基于饱和—非饱和土壤水分运动理论,通过HYDRUS-1D软件对多因素作用下的土壤上升毛管水运动进行模拟,研究土壤容重、黏粒含量、初始含水率、地下水埋深和时间5个因素对上升毛管水运动特性的影响。分别建立上升毛管水补给量和毛管水上升高度与各影响因素之间经验模型,其均方根误差均为0.003 cm,相关系数均大于0.99,决定系数均大于0.98(P<0.01),计算值与实测值相对误差均小于11.25%。各影响因素对上升毛管水补给量的影响程度由大到小依次为时间、土壤容重、初始含水率、黏粒含量、地下水埋深,对毛管水上升高度的影响程度由大到小依次为时间、初始含水率、黏粒含量、土壤容重、地下水埋深。采用截距为0的线性函数对毛管水上升高度与上升毛管水补给量之间的关系曲线进行拟合,其决定系数均在0.96以上,表明其两者之间呈显著线性关系。该研究成果可为制定灌溉和排水以及盐碱地改良等措施提供理论依据。The important mechanism of soil salinization is that soluble salt in groundwater accumulates continuously to the topsoil under the action of capillary force. In order to study the effect of various factors on the characteristics of soil upward capillary water movement under shadow ground water table, we used HYDRUS-1 D software based on the theory of saturated-unsaturated soil water movement to simulate the upward capillary water movement under the action of multiple factors. A total of 5 factors were considered including soil bulk density, clay content, initial soil moisture, groundwater depth and infiltration time. The simulation experiment was carried out by orthogonal design method including 9 treatments and 1 controlled trial. In the simulation experiment, the soil bulk density was designed with different levels of 1.30, 1.35 and 1.40 g/cm3, the clay particles content was 1.25%, 5.00% and 15.00%, the initial soil moisture was 8%, 11% and 14% and the groundwater depth was 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 m. The controlled trial, which adopted clay loam in arid area, was carried out in State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering. During the experiment, the capillary water recharge was measured by difference of water levels in Markov bottle. The water levels were recorded every 1, 2 and 3 hours in the 1 st day, every 5 hours on the 2 nd day, and every 9 hours on the 3 rd day, and every 12 hours from the 4 th day to the 5 th day. The capillary water rising height was obtained by plotting the position of the wetting front corresponding to the different infiltration times on the outer wall of the plexiglass column. Based on the analysis of simulation results, the empirical models between the upward capillary water recharge and the capillary water rising height and various influencing factors were established, respectively. The root mean square error of the model was 0.003 cm, the correlation coefficients were all greater than 0.99, and the coefficient of determination were all greater than 0.98(P<0.01), and the relativ

关 键 词：土壤 地下水埋深 毛管 上升毛管水 多因素 毛管水补给量 上升高度 

分 类 号：S275.3[农业科学—农业水土工程] S152.7[农业科学—农业工程]