单质硅基复合材料:表面与界面调控及其电化学性能  

Surface and Interface Engineering Architectures:A Promising Design for High-Performance Silicon-Based Anodes

作　　者：陈苗 王海风[1] 罗维[1] 杨建平 

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料科学与工程学院纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海200092

出　　处：《化学世界》2018年第1期1-9,共9页Chemical World

摘　　要：单质硅(Si)是非常具有应用前景的一类锂电池负极材料,因为它具有最高的理论容量(Li4.4Si=4 200mA·h·g-1)、低的放电电压、原料丰富等优势。但是单质硅电极材料在实际的应用过程中仍有许多瓶颈问题急需解决,主要原因是硅在充放电时锂离子的嵌入和脱出过程中造成巨大的体积变化(≈400%),使得电极材料的脱落以及不良的电极-电解液接触,最终导致循环性能差、倍率性能不佳和固体电解液界面的不稳定性。东华大学材料科学与工程学院结构功能一体化团队围绕着硅基核壳纳米结构的设计、界面的优化及其在锂离子电池中的应用。Silicon（Si）is considered as an appealing anode material for lithium-ion batteries（LIBs）,mainly because Si reaches highest theoretical specific capacity of 4 200 mA·h·g^-1.However,a major problem associated with Si is the inevitable large volume changes（≈400%）during lithium alloy/dealloy reaction,which results in the undesired cracking,loss of electric contact,unstable growth of solid electrolyte interphase（SEI）and fast fading of capacity.The team of structural and functional integration in donghua university has proposed a series of surface and interface engineering to fabricate carbon and titanium oxide coated Si core-shell and yolk-shell nanocomposites with improved electrochemical performance.

关 键 词：单质硅 核壳纳米结构 界面设计 锂离子电池 

分 类 号：TQ127.2[化学工程—无机化工]