垫料生物炭对土壤镉的钝化作用  

Passivation of Cd in soil by bedding materials derived-biochar

作　　者：尹微琴[1] 孟莉蓉 郁彬琦 李晖 杨婷婷[1] 王圣森[1,3] 王小治 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225127 [2]扬州市环境保护局,江苏扬州225002 [3]江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心,江苏南京210095 [4]扬州大学农业科技发展研究院,江苏扬州225127

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2018年第1期62-67,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31772394);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(12)1001-6];江苏省社会发展项目(BE2015661);江苏省六大人才高峰项目(2013-NY-017)

摘　　要：在500℃条件下采用限氧热解法制备垫料生物炭和秸秆生物炭,研究垫料生物炭对土壤中镉的钝化效果。通过分析添加垫料生物炭后土壤pH和镉形态的变化,并用小青菜盆栽试验和土柱淋滤试验等评估垫料生物炭对土壤镉固定效果的影响,并与秸秆生物炭进行比较。结果表明,添加垫料生物炭和秸秆生物炭后,镉污染土壤的pH值均显著升高;两种生物炭对镉都有很强的固定效果,能显著降低镉的生物有效性,向镉污染土壤中分别施加5%的垫料生物炭和秸秆生物炭后,在培养60 d时的降低程度为24.88%和21.94%;添加垫料生物炭和秸秆生物炭能提高小青菜的产量,并有效降低小青菜对镉的吸收,降幅分别为37.21%和29.70%;垫料生物炭对土壤镉污染的修复效果优于秸秆生物炭。In this study,the bedding materials derived-biochar and rice straw derived-biochar were produced at pyrolysis temperature of 500 ℃ with limited oxygen. The effects of biochar on cadmium( Cd) stabilization in contaminated soil,and the changes of pH value and the speciation of Cd after adding biochar were analyzed. Both pot experiments of Brassica chinensis and soil column leaching study were carried out to evaluate the fixation capacity and bioavailability of Cd by two types of biochar. The results showed that the two biochar significantly increased pH of Cd contaminated soil as compared to control. Both biochar could evidently immobilize Cd and thus significantly reduced the Cd bioavailability to plants. It was found that Cd bioavailability in soil was decreased by 24. 88% and 21. 94% after 60 days' incubation with 5% bedding materials derived-biochar and rice straw derived-biochar on dry weight basis,respectively. Both bedding materials derived-biochar and rice straw derived-biochar increased dry biomass of Brassica chinensi,and decreased Cd uptake by 37. 21%and 29. 70%, respectively. Thus, bedding materials derived-biochar showed better Cd immobilization capacity than rice straw derived-biochar.

关 键 词：垫料 秸秆 生物炭 钝化 镉 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]