外源激素和温度对切花菊侧芽萌发与内源激素含量的影响  

Effects of hormones and temperature on the lateral buddings and content of endogenous hormones of cut chrysanthemum

作　　者：赵凤[1] 王小乐 房伟民[1] 张飞[1] 陈发棣[1] 管志勇[1] 姚建军 薛建平 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095 [2]上海虹华园艺有限公司,上海200070

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2018年第1期145-151,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31372092);上海市种业发展项目[沪农科种字(2016)第1-14号];江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(14)2023]

摘　　要：以少侧芽标准型切花菊精の一世为材料,比较了离体条件下不同部位侧芽的萌发特性,以及添加外源NAA、6-BA和不同温度处理对其侧芽萌发及内源激素的影响。结果表明,中部茎段侧芽萌发速度快于上部和下部,长枝率从上部至下部逐步提高。上部侧芽IAA和ABA含量均显著高于中下部;中部ZT/IAA最高,下部次之,上部最低,中下部ZT/ABA、GA/ABA均高于上部。外源NAA浓度的增加使侧芽萌发率和长枝率降低、侧芽的ZT含量显著下降、IAA含量显著上升,而GA和ABA含量没有显著变化,导致ZT/ABA和ZT/IAA显著降低。0.5 mg/L和1.0 mg/L 6-BA处理均促进了侧芽的萌发,但长枝率明显下降,侧芽的ZT含量显著升高,GA和IAA含量显著下降,导致ZT/IAA显著升高。高温(30℃)引起侧芽中ZT含量极显著降低,ABA和GA含量显著升高,使ZT/ABA、IAA/ABA、ZT/IAA以及(GA+IAA+ZT)/ABA显著降低,抑制侧芽萌发生长,而25℃侧芽正常萌发生长。综上所述,外源激素和温度能对侧芽的萌发生长产生影响,其中内源激素ZT/IAA的变化起着主导作用。因此,在大量扩繁时应选取萌发率、长枝率高的植株中部或者下部茎段,且在培养基中添加0.5 mg/L的6-BA,25℃的培养温度,有助于精の一世的快速扩繁。With the experimental material of‘Sei No Issei',we investigated the characteristics of the axillary buddings at different leaf positions and the effects of exogenous hormones( NAA and 6-BA) and temperatures on the axillary buddings and endogenous hormones of in vitro stem. The results showed that the budding speed of the middle stem was higher than that of the upper and the lower part,and the long branches increased from the upper part to the lower part. The content of IAA and ABA in upper stem was much higher than that in the middle and the lower part.The ZT/IAA value of the middle part was the highest,while that of the upper part was lowest. The values of ZT/ABA and GA/ABA in middle and lower part were higher than those in the upper part. With the increase of the content of exogenous NAA,the lateral budding rate,long branches rate and the endogenous ZT level decreased,the endogenous IAA level raised,and the content of endogenous GA and ABA had no obvious change. As a consequence,the ZT/ABA and ZT/IAA decreased significantly. The lateral buddings rate and the endogenous ZT level increased obviously under the treatment of 0. 5 mg/L 6-BA and 1. 0 mg/L 6-BA,but the long branches rate and the levels of endogenous GA and IAA reduced significantly,which led to an increase in the ZT/IAA ratio. In addition,high temperature( 30 ℃) suppressed lateral buddings long branches,and the levels of endogenous ZT significantly,while promoted the endogenous ABA and GA level,thus the ZT/ABA,IAA/ABA,ZT/IAA and( GA + IAA + ZT)/ABA ratios decreased significantly. Whereas,the axillary buds could sport and grow normally at 25 ℃. In conclusion,middle and lower stems could be selected for a large-scaled propagation for the ‘Sei No Issei',and the 0. 5 mg/L 6-BA in medium and 25 ℃ condition would boost axillary buddings and long branches further.

关 键 词：标准切花菊 侧芽 萌发 生长 激素 温度 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]