高海拔地区某石油加工企业作业人员职业应激与工作能力的关系  

Relationship between occupational stress and working ability of workers in a petroleum processing enterprise in high altitude area

作　　者：马晓明[1] 康海丽[1] 史春波[1] 李岳[1] 吴扬帆[1] 刘治华[1] 王庚[1] 雷红彦[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省疾病预防控制中心,西宁810007

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2017年第12期907-910,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：青海省卫生厅医药卫生科研指导性计划课题（2013003）;青海省疾病预防控制中心课题

摘　　要：目的 探讨高海拔地区某石油加工企业作业人员职业应激与工作能力的关系.方法 于2014年5月至2016年8月,以海拔约2 850 m某石油加工企业为调查现场,采用职业应激量表（OSI-R）和工作能力指数（WAI）调查表评估728名作业人员的职业应激和工作能力状况.结果 工作能力分级为差的作业人员55人（7.6％）,中等262人（35.9％）,好411人（56.5％）.不同工种、性别、年龄和工龄作业人员的WAI差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.不同职业应激组作业人员WAI差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,且WAI与职业任务量表（ORQ）、应激反应量表（PSQ）得分呈负相关（rs=-0.387、-0.467,P＜0.05）,与应对资源量表（PRQ）得分呈正相关（r,=0.343,P＜0.05）.多重线性回归分析显示,ORQ、PSQ得分高为WAI提升的抑制因素（B=-0.058、-0.082）,PRQ得分高为WAI提升的促进因素（B=0.029）.结论 职业应激为高海拔地区石油加工企业作业人员工作能力的影响因素,高海拔低氧可能进一步降低工作能力;应加强技能培训,改善工作环境和注重心理健康等,以降低职业应激和提升工作能力.Objective To investigate the relationship between occupational stress and working ability of workers in a petroleum processing enterprise in a high altitude area.Methods A total of 728 workers in a petroleum processing enterprise at an altitude of 2850 m were subjected to a survey using Occupational Stress Inventory （OSI）,Work Ability Index （WAI） Scale,Occupational Role Questionnaire （ORQ）,Personal Strain Questionnaire （PSQ）,and Personal Resource Questionnaire （PRQ） from May 2014 to August 2016.Results Of the 728 workers,55 （7.6%） had a poor working ability,moderate in 262 （35.9%）,and good in 411 （56.5%）.There were significant differences in WAI between the workers with different types of work,sexes,ages,and working years （P〈0.05）.There was a significant difference in WAI between different occupational stress groups （P〈0.05）.WAI was negatively correlated with ORQ score and PSQ score （rs=-0.387,P〈0.05;rs=-0.467,P〈0.05） and positively correlated with PRQ score （rs=0.343,P〈0.05）,The multiple linear regression analysis showed that high ORQ score and PSQ score were the inhibitory factors for high WAI （B=-0.058;B=-0.082） and high PRQ score was a contributing factor for high WAI （B=0.029）.Conclusion Occupational stress is an influencing factor for the working ability of workers in the petroleum processing enterprise in the high altitude area.Hypoxia in high altitude area may further reduce the working ability.In order to reduce occupational stress and improve work ability,it should be considered to strengthen skills training,improve the working environment,and pay attention to mental health.

关 键 词：高海拔 职业应激 专业能力 影响因素 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]