重庆市北碚区农村居民点用地景观变化及驱动因素分析  

Rural Settlements Landscape Evolution and Driving Factor in Beibei District of Chongqing

作　　者：杨成波[1] 刘秀华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《山地学报》2017年第6期890-898,共9页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101568);重庆市自然科学基金项目(cstcjj A00008)~~

摘　　要：本文以全国典型的山地城市——重庆市北碚区作为研究区域,综合运用扩展指数、核密度法、空间韵律指数、logistic回归分析方法,对北碚区2009年到2015年农村居民点用地的动态变化、空间分布、规模结构、形态结构以及斑块景观的演变特征进行研究,并从自然因素、生产因素和社会经济因素三方面探索农村居民点格局演变的驱动机制。研究结果表明,从2009年到2015年,北碚区农村居民点用地减少,各个镇街的扩展指数为负数且与城镇化率的增量呈负相关态势;农村居民点空间分布均表现为在地势低平和城镇化率较低的区域聚集;从微观视角出发,农村居民点的整体规模减小并向小斑块格局演变,斑块的形态不规则并趋于破碎化;影响农村居民点用地演变的驱动因素有坡度、到园地的距离、到耕地的距离、到城镇用地的距离、人口密度、城镇化率。由此可见,农村居民点用地演变是在自然因素、生产因素和社会经济因素的共同作用下发生的,且随着城镇化进程的推进,自然因素对农村居民点演变的影响力逐渐减弱,而社会经济因素中的城镇化率指标对农村居民点演变的影响力则显著增强。Taking Beibei District in mountainous Chongqing as a case, this paper analyzed the dynamic,distribution,structure,morphology and evolution of rural settlements,and demonstrated the driving forces of the evolution of rural settlements from natural,production,socio-economic perspectives,using the methods of spatial expansion index,kernel density,spatial rhythm index,and logistic analysis. The results showed that the total area of rural settlements declined from 2009 to 2015,and spatial expansion index was negative and negatively correlated with the urbanization rate. In terms of spatial pattern,rural settlements concentrated in the areas of valley bottom and the areas with low urbanization rate. From microscopic perspective,the mean patch size of rural settlements reduced in the past decade,and the morphology of rural settlements became irregular and fragmented. The factors such as the slope,the distance to orchard,the distance to cultivated land,the distance to urban area,the density of population,the urbanization rate were found as the main driving forces that affected the evolution of rural settlements. Therefore,the rural settlements evolution was impacted by the interactions of the natural factors,production factors and socio-economic factors. Along with the urbanization process,the influence of natural factors became weak and the influence of socio-economic factors especially urbanization rate enhanced significantly.

关 键 词：农村居民点用地 景观特征 驱动因素 城镇化 北碚区 

分 类 号：F301.23[经济管理—产业经济]