岷江上游生态系统服务与居民福祉的空间关联及其动态特征  

Spatial Relationship and Its Dynamic Features of Ecosystem Services and Human Wellbeing in the Upper Reaches of Minjiang River

作　　者：张继飞[1] 邓伟[1] 朱昌丽 赵宇鸾[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所/山区发展研究中心,成都610041 [2]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《山地学报》2017年第3期388-398,共11页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41301193);国家重点基础发展研究计划项目(973)课题(2015CB452706);中国科学院;水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所青年科学基金~~

摘　　要：厘清区域尺度生态系统服务与居民福祉的空间关联特征是生态系统管理服务于可持续发展的重要前提。借助生态系统服务价值当量评估法,引入校正参数和购买力指数,基于土地利用及统计数据测算了青藏高原东缘岷江上游乡镇尺度近11年来的生态系统服务价值(ESV),并探讨了生态系统服务与居民福祉的空间关系及其变化。结果表明:(1)研究期内人均ESV和居民福祉均呈不断增加趋势。人均ESV空间分布呈干流沿线较低、支流沿线较高的格局,人均ESV缓慢上升与生态保护政策的实施密不可分;居民福祉空间分布呈北部、南部高,中部低的局面,在黑水和理县-茂县交界(杂谷脑河入汇岷江处)形成一个持续性居民福祉"洼地",福祉水平相对降低的乡镇基本位于高山峡谷。(2)利用Delaunay三角聚类将研究区89个乡镇分为6种空间关系模式:高服务高福祉、中服务高福祉、中服务低福祉、低服务高福祉、低服务中福祉和低服务低福祉。研究期内研究区大部分乡镇的居民福祉得到提升,居民福祉长期低水平徘徊乡镇主要位于黑水县中部、东部;研究区整体生态系统服务水平呈现先降后升的变化过程。(3)研究区生态系统服务状况虽整体趋好,但岷江源头区生态系统服务却出现明显的下降态势。依据生态系统服务与居民福祉的空间关系类型,尝试提出生态系统服务管理的针对性建议。研究结果有望为岷江上游生态系统服务与居民福祉协同发展及生态屏障建设提供科学参考。To clarify the spatial relationship of ecosystem services and people＇s wellbeing from the perspective of regional scale is an important prerequisite for ecosystem management serving sustainable development. Based on equivalent standards of ecosystem service value and the correction index as well as the purchasing power index,landuse and social-economic data were applied to quantitatively assess the town-level ecosystem services value（ ESV）in the Upper Reaches of Minjiang River（ URMR）,eastern edge of Tibet Plateau. Moreover,the spatial relationship and its spatial evolution of ecosystem services and local people＇s wellbeing were emphatically discussed. The results are as follows：（ 1） During the study period,the per capita ESV and the well-being of residents in the URMR showed an increasing trend. The spatial distribution of per capita ESV was found relatively low among the township along the main stream while relatively high among tributaries. Ecological protection policy contributed more to increase per capita ESV. The residents＇ well-being was featured by high values in the northern-southern areas and low in the central. There was a relatively low level of residents＇ well-being at Heishui County and the junction area of Li County and Mao County. Moreover,the townships with relative low well-being were basically found located in the alpine valleys.（ 2） The Delaunay clustering method was conducted to divide the 89 towns into 6 spatial relations： high service with high well-being,middle service with high well-being,middle service with low well-being,low service with high well-being,low service with well-being and low service with low well-being. The residents of the URMR have improved well-being（ such as Mao County and Songpan County）,while the townships with lowlevel well-being were mainly located in the central and eastern of Heishui County. The overall ecosystem service of the study area indicated a change of decreasing first followed with increasing.（ 3） Although the ecosyste

关 键 词：生态系统服务 居民福祉 空间关联 动态特征 岷江上游 青藏高原东缘 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]