35个枣树品种在甘肃沿黄灌区引种栽培的适应性综合评价  

Adaptation Comprehensive Evaluation of the Introduction and Cultivation of 35 Ziziphus jujuba Varieties in Yellow River Irrigated Regions of Gansu

作　　者：黄华梨 杨柳 张露荷 赵晓芳 季元祖 戚建莉 胡秉芬 朱红斌 张广忠 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省林业科学研究院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《甘肃林业科技》2017年第3期16-23,共8页Journal of Gansu Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项经费项目(项目编号:201304702)

摘　　要：本文以35个枣树品种的4年生树为研究材料,测定了地径、树高、冠径、树体所占营养空间、结果枝数、枣吊数、单株鲜果质量、抗裂果性和抗病虫性9个指标。采用因子分析法进行数据处理分析、综合评价和综合排序。结果表明:提取的前4个主因子(综合生长因子、枣吊数、抗裂果性和抗病虫性)的累计贡献率达到89.82%,这4个主因子可以作为评价引进枣树品种适应性的综合指标。综合得分较高的品种依次是:蜂蜜罐、六月鲜、孔府酥脆枣、马牙白枣、七月鲜、晋矮3号、甘酥佛枣、骏枣、葫芦枣、小梨枣、壶瓶枣、不落酥、晋矮4号、马铃枣、金昌1号、金谷大枣、冬枣、晋赞大枣。从适应性角度考虑,推荐在甘肃沿黄灌区栽培鲜食枣品种为大果型的晋矮3号、甘酥佛枣,中果型的蜂蜜罐、马牙白枣、七月鲜,小果型的孔府酥脆枣、小梨枣;制干枣品种为大果型的骏枣、壶瓶枣;干鲜兼用品种为大果型的金昌1号、金谷大枣;观赏品种为葫芦枣、龙枣、胎里红和磨盘枣。35 Ziziphus jujuba varieties of 4 years old were choosen in this study, ground diameter, tree height, crown diameter, the nutrient space occupies by tree body, number of fruiting cladodes, number of bearing branch, the quality of fresh fruit per plant, cracking resistance and resistance to disease and insect pests were measured. The data processing analysis, comprehensive evaluation and ranking were carried out by factor analysis. The results showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first four main factors（integrated growth factor, number of bearing branch, cracking resistance and resistance to disease and insect pests） was 89.82% , and those four the first main factor could be used as the comprehensive indexs to evaluate the adapability of Z. jujuba. varieties with higher integrated score were as follows： Fengmiguan, Liuyuexian, Kongfusucuizao, Mayabaizao, Qiyuexian, Jinaisanhao, Gansufozao, Junzao, Huluzao, Xiaolizao, Hupingzao, Buluosu, Jinaisihao, Malingzao, Jinchangyihao, Jingudazao, Dongzao and Jinzandazao. Considered in terms of fitness, big fruit type of Jinaisanhao and Gansufozao, middle fruit type of fengmiguan, Mayabai and Qiyuexian, small fruit type of Kongfusucuizao and Xiaolizao were recommemded to cultivate in Yellow River irrigated regions of Gansu as table variety, big fruit type of Junzao and Hupingzao were suitable for dried Z. jujuba, big fruit type of Jinchangyihao and Jingudaza were suitable for table and dried Z. jujuba, Huluzao, Longzao, Tailihong and Mopanzao were recommended as ornamental varieties.

关 键 词：枣 引种 适应性 因子分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S665.102.2[农业科学—果树学]