不同秸秆还田方式下玉米叶片光合、荧光特性及水分利用率的比较  

Comparison of Photosynthetic, Fluorescent Properties and Water Use Efficiency of Maize in Different Ways of Straw Recycling

作　　者：任娇 于寒[1] 吴春胜[1] 谷岩[1] 朴春红 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学农学院,长春130018

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2017年第12期5241-5247,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家重点研发计划-春玉米改土抗逆丰产增效关键技术模式构建(2017YFD0300607);吉林省重点科技攻关项目-吉林省西部半干旱区秸秆还田技术研究与示范(20170204011NY);吉林省教育厅吉林省科技厅优秀青年人才基金项目(20170520092JH)共同资助

摘　　要：为进一步明确秸秆覆盖和深埋两种还田方式下对玉米功能叶片光合特性、荧光特性及水分利用率的影响,以春玉米为材料,对照为不施秸秆普通田块(CK),研究两种秸秆还田方式对玉米叶片胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、玉米叶片光合作用关键酶活性、玉米叶片碳代谢关键酶活性以及水分利用率的影响。结果表明,在玉米花后的秸0~50 d,深埋秸秆的处理条件下,穗叶位平均Tr和Gs、Pn、q P和Fv/Fm均高于表层秸秆覆盖,差异显著,且水分利用率显著提高。The aim of this study was to further confirm the influences of two recycling ways of straw mulching and straw deep burial on photosynthesis characteristic, fluorescence characteristic and water use efficiency of maize.In this research, we took spring maize as materials and the ordinary field without straw recycling as control, which were used to study the effects of two straw recycling ways on intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci）, transpiration rate（Tr）, net photosynthetic rate（Pn）, stomatal conductance（Gs）, key enzyme activity of photosynthesis, carbon metabolism and water use efficiency of maize leaves. The results revealed that the average Tr, Gs, Pn, q P and Fv/Fm of ear leaves in the way of straw deep burial were significant higher than those in the way of straw mulching after maize blossomed from 0~50 d, and the water use efficiency in the way of straw deep burial was significantly improved.

关 键 词：玉米 秸秆还田 光和特性 荧光特性 水分利用率 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]