菲污染土壤的微生物修复机制  

Mechanism of Phenanthrene Polluted Soil by Microbial Remediation

作　　者：韦璇[1,2] 郝雅荞 李光[3] 牛世莉 王升厚[1,4] 赵洪新[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]浙江理工大学生命科学学院浙江省植物与次生代谢重点实验室,浙江杭州310018 [3]河南大学生命科学学院,河南开封450000 [4]沈阳师范大学教学实验中心,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《微生物学杂志》2017年第6期114-124,共11页Journal of Microbiology

基　　金：辽宁省科学事业公益基金项目(2014003020);浙江理工大学人才基金项目(11612932611513)

摘　　要：菲(Phenanthrene)是存在于煤焦油中,含三个苯环的稠环芳烃。除了具有"三致"作用外,菲稳定的化学结构和高辛醇-水分配系数等特性,使其具备较强的抗降解能力,易在环境中富集,破坏土壤微生态结构,降低农作物品质,威胁人类健康。而且随着化石燃料的长期大量使用,受菲污染的土地面积也急速增加,给人类的健康及生产活动带来极大的威胁。因此,有效清除土壤中菲及其他多环芳烃污染物,净化环境,具有重要的现实意义。微生物降解作为治理菲污染的方法之一,具有高效、低成本、环境友好的特点,受到研究者的高度重视。本文从菲降解菌的种类、降解机理、分子机制、影响修复等因素及微生物与植物联合修复五个方面进行综述,为进一步利用环境微生物,开发高效菲降解菌,治理菲污染提供参考。Phenanthrene is an aromatic hydrocarbon containing three benzene rings exists in coal tar. In addition to having carcinogenicity,mutagenesis and teratogenesis effects,phenanthrene＇s stable chemical structure and high octyl alcohol-water distribution coefficient properties make it possessing fairly strong anti-degradation capability and easily to enrich in the environment,and destroy soil micro ecological structure and reduce the quality of crops,threaten human＇s health. the food chain transmission. Along with the development and utilization of fossil fuels,the land polluted by phenanthrene increased dramatically,human＇s health and production activities are under threat. Therefore removal of phenanthrene and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination effectively from soil have the important practical significance. Because of its high efficiency,low cost and environment friendly features,microbial degradation as a method to control phenanthrene pollution has been paid highly attention by researchers. Combining with the domestic and foreign research progress of phenanthrene,this paper summarized five aspects： kinds of phenanthrene-degrading bacteria,mechanism of degradation,molecular mechanism,affecting factors of remediation and plant-microbe associated remediation. To provide references for further taking advantage of environmental microorganism to develop effective phenanthrene degradable bacteria and purify the environment.

关 键 词：菲 多环芳烃 污染土壤 微生物修复 

分 类 号：Q939.96[生物学—微生物学]