基于响应面法的汽车侧碰安全性优化  

Optimization of vehicle side impact safety based on response surface method

作　　者：李梦琦 范慕辉[1] 郄彦辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学机械工程学院,天津300130

出　　处：《河北工业大学学报》2017年第6期39-44,64,共7页Journal of Hebei University of Technology

摘　　要：为解决某轿车不满足侧面碰撞(侧碰)法规要求的问题,采用有限元模拟与实车碰撞相结合的方法研究其侧碰安全性能.首先在试验验证的基础上建立其侧碰仿真模型,并进行传力路径和假人胸部压缩量灵敏度的综合分析,筛选对侧碰安全性影响程度较大的零部件;其次采用拉丁超立方实验设计方法建立响应面近似模型,以关键部件的材料和厚度作为设计变量、以B柱入侵量等为约束条件、以假人胸部压缩量峰值和设计变量总质量为目标函数进行多目标优化;最后对优化方案进行了侧碰仿真分析,确定了不增加车重条件下轿车最优的材料及厚度匹配方案,并对该优化方案进行实车的侧碰试验以验证其合理性.研究结果表明:通过碰撞仿真分析及多目标优化方法,对车身关键零部件的材料及厚度进行优化匹配,达到控制车身重量并提高碰撞安全性的目的.In order to solve the problem that a car does not meet the requirements of side collision, the safety performance of side impact is studied by the combination of finite element simulation and real vehicle collision. Firstly, establish simulation model on the basis of test, and analyze the force transmission path and the dummy chest compression sensitivity, as well as screen of side impact safety of parts greatly; secondly, adopt the experiment design method of Latin hypercube to establish response surface approximation model, and the key components of the material and thickness are taken as the design variables and considering the B-pillar invasion amount as constraint conditions, the dummy chest compression quantity peak and the variables of total quality are taken as the objective function of multi-objective optimization; finally the simulation results of the optimization scheme for the side impact are analyzed, and it is determined that the material and thickness of the car does not increase the weight under the condition of optimum matching scheme, and the real vehicle the optimization scheme of the side impact tests to verify its rationality. The results show that the material and the thickness of the key parts of the body are optimized by the collision simulation analysis and the multi-objective optimization method.

关 键 词：侧碰安全性 试验设计 响应面法 多目标优化 

分 类 号：U467.14[机械工程—车辆工程]