多聚焦叠加方法述评  

A review of the multifocusing stacking method

作　　者：常丁月 张才[2] 胡天跃[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2017年第5期1103-1111,共9页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05004003-002)资助

摘　　要：兼顾信噪比和分辨率的多聚焦(MF)叠加方法近年来得到广泛应用。一方面,多聚焦叠加方法利用双平方根型时差修正公式解决了远炮检距拉伸畸变问题,无须再做切除处理,最大限度地保留了数据的完整性;另一方面,多聚焦叠加方法将属于不同CMP道集的接收道进行叠加,通过增加覆盖次数大幅度提高叠加剖面的信噪比和分辨率。本文主要从平面多聚焦、起伏地表多聚焦、球面多聚焦、非双曲多聚焦及多聚焦叠加等方法在多次波预测、叠前信号增强、数据规则化、绕射波成像等方面的应用及效果,系统地评述了多聚焦叠加方法,并展望了其发展趋势。The multi-focusing(MF)stacking method,which helps improve both signal-to-noise ratio(S/N)and resolution,has been widely used in the recent years.On one hand,the MF stacking method can solve stretching distortions for traces at far offsets with double-square-root time correction formula rather than muting,so the data integrity can be preserved.On the other hand,this method stacks traces of different CMP gathers so that thefolds are increased which results in higher S/N as well as higher resolution.In this article,we review comprehensively some new developments of the MF stacking method such as planar MF,irregular MF,spherical MF,and non-hyperbolic MF,and their applications in multiple prediction,stacking signal enhancement,data regularization,and diffraction wave imaging.Moreover,we suggest a preliminary prospect of this method development in the future.

关 键 词：多聚焦 绕射成像 信噪比 多次波 速度建模 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]