井中地震技术的昨天、今天和明天——井中地震技术发展及应用展望  

Borehole seismic development,status quo and future:Application prospect of borehole seismic

作　　者：赵邦六[1] 董世泰[2] 曾忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气股份有限公司,北京100007 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2017年第5期1112-1123,共12页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

摘　　要：井中地震的接收或激发设备位于井中,接近目的层或目标地质体,避免了近地表和环境干扰,得到的地震波信息能更直接反映地层、油藏或目标体的地质属性,其精度和探测范围介于地面地震和测井方法之间,成为两种技术的空间(纵向、横向)拓展和有效补充;井中地震深度、时间、速度、时变子波、频谱及相对能量关系等信息相对精确,具有识别精度高、数据保真度高的特点。随着油气勘探开发目标日趋复杂和多种井中地震技术快速发展且日益成熟,井中地震将在复杂构造、复杂储层、复杂油气藏的勘探开发中发挥关键作用,特别是Walkaway/Walkaround/三维VSP、微地震等技术,在复杂构造地震成像、提高分辨率地震处理、储层连通性识别、剩余油预测、油气藏建模等方面,将会发挥独特和不可取代的重要作用。Borehole seismic information can directly show target characteristics because its receivers or sources are located in the borehole,close to the targets without nearsurface and environmental interference.Since borehole seismic exploration accuracy is higher than surface seismic,but lower than well logging,it can fill the gap in the vertical and horizontal directions between these two technologies.As borehole seismic is characterized by higher accuracy and fidelity,it can obtain better seismic information such as energy,frequency spectrum,velocity,time-variable wavelet,and depth.Nowadays oil and gas exploration and development goal has become increasingly complex,diverse rapidly developed and mature borehole seismic methods,especially walkaway VSP,walkaround VSP,3D VSP,and microseismic,will play a unique and irreplaceable important role in the structural imaging,high resolution seismic processing,reservoir connectivity identification,remaining oil prediction,and reservoir modeling for the development of complex structures and reservoirs in the future.

关 键 词：井中地震 Walkaway/Walkaround/三维VSP 复杂构造 复杂储层 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]