低温干旱复合胁迫对两个黑麦品种幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effects of cold, drought and combined stresses on the physiological characteristics of secale cereale seedling

作　　者：刘杰[1,2] 拉多 武俊喜[3] 郄博[1] 刘栋 

机构地区：[1]西藏大学理学院,西藏拉萨850000 [2]西藏职业技术学院农业科学技术学院,西藏拉萨850000 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《高原科学研究》2017年第1期57-66,共10页Plateau Science Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502004-5)

摘　　要：文章以黑麦(Secale cereale)两个品种奥克隆和冬牧70为研究材料,在不同温度和水分条件,即低温(5℃)、干旱(自然干旱)、低温干旱复合胁迫(5℃+自然干旱)下对黑麦两个品种幼苗抗氧化酶活性、细胞膜系统和渗透调节物质的影响进行研究。结果表明:低温胁迫下,奥克隆的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性呈上升趋势,而冬牧70呈下降趋势;干旱胁迫下,奥克隆的SOD活性上升幅度较大;在复合胁迫下,冬牧70的SOD活性降幅较大;低温或干旱胁迫下,奥克隆的过氧化物酶(POD)活性较对照组均呈上升趋势,而冬牧70在上述条件下POD活性较对照组均有所降低;在低温、干旱和复合胁迫三种处理下,冬牧70中过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性较对照组下降幅度均大于奥克隆;复合胁迫对奥克隆和冬牧70中丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响极其显著,并且在该胁迫下奥克隆和冬牧70的MDA含量均明显高于单一胁迫;在低温、干旱和复合胁迫下,冬牧70中MDA含量较对照组上升幅度均大于奥克隆。与冬牧70相比,奥克隆可溶性蛋白(SPRO)含量增加幅度较小。低温干旱复合胁迫对植物的伤害高于单一胁迫,黑麦奥克隆抗逆性强于冬牧70。Plants on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau often face many different stresses, such as cold, drought and so on, that affects seriously on the growth and development of the plants during their growing process. In the present study, two different varieties of Seeale cereale Aokelong （AKL） and Dongmu70 （DM70） were used as experimen- tal materials, the changes in antioxidant enzymes activity, cell membrane system and osmotic regulation sub- stances content of two varieties of Secale cereale were studied under cold （5℃）, drought （drying naturally） and combined of both （5℃＋ drying naturally） conditions. The results showed that the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） in AKL was increased under cold stress, while it was reduced in DM70, the activity of SOD in AKL increased more significant than that in DM70 under drought stress, but the activity of SOD in DM70 reduced great- er than that in AKL under the combined stress. The activity of peroxidase （POD） in AKL was increased while it was decreased in DM70 under the cold or drought stress in compare with control group, and it was decreased in both AKL and DM70 under the combined stress. The decrease rate of catalase （CAT） activity in DM70 was higher than that in AKL under three different treatment conditions （cold, drought and combined stress） in compare with control group. The effect of combined stress on the malondialdehyde （MDA） content in AK and DM70 was significantly higher than that of cold and drought stress alone. The increase rates of MDA and soluble protein （SPRO） content in DM70 were higher than that in AKL under three different treatments.

关 键 词：黑麦 低温胁迫 干旱胁迫 复合胁迫 生理特性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]