13个地方鸡品种6个微卫星座位遗传多样性分析  

Analysis of genetic diversity of thirteen indigenous chicken breeds using six microsatellite loci

作　　者：赵东伟[1,2] 李春苗 黎寿丰[1,2] 卢建[1,2] 赵振华 黄华云[1] 王钱保 黄正洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省家禽科学研究所,江苏扬州225125 [2]扬州翔龙禽业发展有限公司,江苏扬州225261

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2017年第4期39-45,共7页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-42-Z06);江苏省农业三新工程项目[SXGC(2016)206];江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2015344);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(15)1009];扬州市自然科学基金资助项目(YZ2015104)

摘　　要：选择多态性较好的6个微卫星标记,检测徐海鸡、东乡绿壳鸡、文昌鸡、茶花鸡、寿光鸡、藏鸡、鹿苑鸡、北京油鸡、淮南麻黄鸡、怀乡鸡、边鸡、尤溪麻鸡和固始鸡13个地方鸡品种的遗传多样性。根据检测结果计算各等位基因频率、群体平均杂合度(h)、多态信息含量(PIC)、群体间Nei氏标准遗传距离(DS)和遗传距离(DA)。结果表明:6个微卫星位点共有83个等位基因,且多态信息含量均为高度多态,可作为有效的遗传标记用于鸡品种的遗传多样性和系统发生关系分析;13个地方鸡品种杂合度均较高,大小为0.746 4~0.870 0;13个地方鸡品种的DA与DS遗传距离一致,但DA比DS距离大,利用UPGMA法对DA和DS的聚类结果相同,13个地方鸡品种被聚为2类,东乡绿壳鸡、茶花鸡、寿光鸡、怀乡鸡、淮南麻黄鸡、边鸡、文昌鸡、鹿苑鸡、北京油鸡和固始鸡聚为一类,徐海鸡、藏鸡和尤溪麻鸡聚为一类。这与鸡品种的分化与选育历史相一致,UPGMA聚类图能较正确地反映13个地方鸡品种之间的亲缘关系。In this paper,six microsatellite markers with high polymorphisms were selected to detect the genetic diversity of thirteen chicken breeds.The alleles frequencies,polymorphism information content（PIC） and average heterozygosity within each population,DAand DSgenetic distance among breeds were analyzed.The application of microsatellite polymorphisms to the detection of genetic variability and relationship among populations was discussed.Altogether,eighty-three alleles were found in this experiment,the polymorphic information content was highly polymorphic and it can be used as an effective genetic marker for genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in chicken breeds.Heterozygosity of thirteen chicken breeds were high,which was between 0.746 4 and 0.870 0.The genetic distances of DAand DSin 13 chicken breeds were the same,but DAwas larger than DS.UPGMA tree was completed through analysis of DAand DSgenetic distance.In the tree,the Dongxiang Green Shell chicken,Chahua chicken,Shouguang chicken,Huaixiang chicken,Huainan Pockmarked chicken,Bian chicken,Wenchang chicken,Luyan chicken,Beijing Fatty chicken and Gushi chicken were grouped together.The Xuhai chicken,Zang chicken and Youxi Pockmarked chicken were grouped together.In summary,the UPGMA tree well reflected the evolutionary and breeding history of the thirteen breeds.

关 键 词：地方鸡 微卫星 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]