3种生物源物质对番茄的促生与防病作用  

Growth promotion and disease control effects of three kinds of biogenic materials on tomato

作　　者：张璐 张孝然[1] 陈夕军[1] 陈孝仁[1] 贺振[1] 魏利辉[2] 黄奔立[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2017年第4期105-111,共7页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31671971);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403032);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(15)1037);扬州市自然科学基金资助项目(YZ2016121)

摘　　要：将S-诱抗素、寡聚糖和有机肥稀释成不同浓度梯度,进行浸种、催芽与喷施番茄植株和果实处理,研究其对番茄的促生和防病作用。结果表明:浸种处理番茄种子,除高浓度S-诱抗素(稀释倍数<2 500倍)对番茄的出芽率以及胚根、胚芽的伸长有明显抑制作用外,其他处理均对番茄有一定的促进作用。叶面喷施生物源物质,可有效提高番茄苗的株高、鲜重和叶绿素含量,促进番茄植株体内防御酶活性的增加,导致抗性相关物质含量的变化。生物源物质喷施番茄植株表面48 h后,其体内抗性相关基因PAL基因和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因的表达量均明显上调。防效测定表明,间隔24 h,连续喷施2次生物源物质,可有效降低番茄果实表面灰霉病病斑的扩展,但对苗期番茄灰霉病的防效较差;若将生物源物质与生防放线菌5X4配合使用,可明显提高防治效果。Biogenic materials,derived from living organisms,safety for environment and human being,can be used as fungicide to control plant diseases and plant growth regulators to promote plant growth.In order to determine the effect on growth promotion and disease control of tomato,different concentrations of three kinds of biogenic materials,oligosaccharide,trans-abscisic acid and organic fertilizer,were used to soak seed,accelerate germination and spray on the surface of tomato leaves and fruits.Results showed that different concentrations of the three kinds of biogenic materials could promote tomato growth except the high concentration trans-abscisic acid.The plant height,fresh weight,chlorophyll content and defense enzymes activities of tomato increased highly after the plants being sprayed with biogenic materials.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results indicated that the expression levels of PAL and β-1,3-glucanase gene of tomato were elevated after the plants being treated with biogenic materials.Spraying the three kinds of biogenic materials on the surface of tomato twice interval for 24 h,extension speed of the disease spot on tomato fruits was significantly slower than the control.If the three kinds of biogenic materials were used cooperatively with biocontrol agent 5X4,the control effect on tomato grey mould increased obviously.

关 键 词：番茄 生物源物质 灰霉病 防病 促生 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S436.412[农业科学—园艺学]