混配蚯蚓粪复合基质在黄瓜育苗中的应用  

Application of mixed vermicompost composite substrate in cucumber seedling raising

作　　者：徐月明[1] 王波 杜庆平[1] 王奎萍[1] 李丽 王小华[1] 朱艳港 

机构地区：[1]扬州市职业大学江苏省农业安全生产与环境保护工程技术研究中心,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州市农业委员会,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2017年第4期116-120,共5页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省高等职业院校专业带头人高端研修资助项目(2016GRFX067);江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室开放课题(02738800372);江苏省农业三新工程项目[SXGC(2012)271];江苏省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201611462013X);江苏省现代教育技术研究规划项目(2017-R-54540)

摘　　要：以蚯蚓粪为主要原料、草炭和珍珠岩为辅助原料,将草炭、珍珠岩和蚯蚓粪按体积比3∶2∶5、7∶3∶10、4∶1∶5、1∶0∶1、6∶4∶5、7∶3∶5、8∶2∶5和2∶0∶1(分别记为T1~T8处理)混配成复合基质,并以黄瓜新品种碧翠19为试验材料,分析复合基质的理化性状及其对黄瓜幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:T0处理容重较大、持水量较小、总孔隙较少、通气性较差、养分含量表现出高磷钾、低氮等特性;T4、T8处理养分含量多,电导率(EC)高,但通气性差;T1、T5处理通气性好,但持水性差,养分含量少;T3处理理化性状整体最协调,既有一定的持水保肥性,又有一定的通气性,水气比适中,养分含量较多,EC较高,有较高的供肥性能。不同处理混配基质对黄瓜育苗有显著影响,其中T3混配基质对黄瓜育苗最佳,培育的黄瓜幼苗指标中茎粗、根长、根干质量及壮苗指数,均显著高于或高于其他处理,育苗效果显著,可作为生产上黄瓜优质育苗基质。Effects of different substrate formula about the vermicompost on the growth of the new fruit cucumber species bicui19 seedlings,were investigated with nine mixed substrates.The results showed that：（1） T0（pure vermicompost manure） had larger bulk density,less water holding capacity,less total porosity,less aeration,and high phosphorus,potassium and low nitrogen contents;T4（vermicompost,turf,perlite mixed with 50%,50%,0%）,T8（vermicompost,turf,perlite mixed with 66.7%,33.3%,0） had more nutrient content,higher EC value,but poor ventilation;T1（vermicompost,turf perlite mixed with 50%,30%,20%）,T5（vermicompost,turf,perlite mixed with 66.7%,20%,13.3%） had good ventilation,but the water holding capacity was poor,and the nutrient content was less;The overall coordination of T3 treatment of physical and chemical characters,not only had certain water-holding capacity,but also had certain ventilation,the ratio of water to gas was moderate,the nutrient content was more,the conductivity was higher,and had higher fertilizer supply performance.Different treatment of mixed matrix had a significant effect on cucumber seedling.Among all mixed substrates,T3 treatment was the best for cucumber seedling.Their stem diameter,root length,root dry weight and healthy index increased significantly than other mixed substrates.The conclusion can be drawn that through overall measurement,the seedling substrate T3 can be recommended as the seedling substrate of cucumber.

关 键 词：蚯蚓粪 复合基质 黄瓜 育苗 

分 类 号：S606.2[农业科学—园艺学]