2010-2015年防城港市手足口病病原学监测结果分析  

Etiological surveillance results of hand-foot-mouth disease in Fangchenggang City,2010-2015

作　　者：龙海艺[1] 庞秀然[1] 黄飞[1] 李锋华[1] 江海邦 

机构地区：[1]防城港市疾病预防控制中心,广西防城港538021

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2018年第3期321-324,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析防城港市2010-2015年手足口病(hand,foot and mouth disease,HFMD)病原学特征,为制订针对性防控措施提供依据。方法收集该市2010-2015年HFMD病原学监测病例资料,采用描述性流行病学的方法进行分析。结果共检测1 405例,肠道病毒(enterovirus,EV)通用型核酸阳性率50.04%(703/1 504),其中,EV71、柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Coxackievirus A16,Cox A16)和其它EV(即未分型类)分别占22.19%(156/703)、19.20%(135/703)、58.61%(412/703)。2011年的主要病原体为EV71(62.90%,39/62),其余5年均以其它EV为主,分别占2010年、2012年、2013年、2014年和2015年的70.73%(72/99)、45.38%(54/119)、76.65%(151/197)、43.86%(75/171)和83.64%(46/55)。优势毒株2月份为Cox A16、4月份为EV71,其余月份均为其它EV。监测病例和阳性病例男女性别比分别为1.67:1和2.04:1;监测病例和阳性病例以≤4岁组为主,分别占87.47%(1 229/1 405)和90.19%(634/703)。病例广泛分布于各县(市、区)。由EV71阳性病例引起的重症发病率(16.03%,25/156)明显高于其它EV(6.31%,26/412)和Cox A16(0.74%,1/135),三者差异有统计学意义(χ2=43.62,P<0.001)。肛拭子标本各种HFMD病原体检出率(54.52%)均明显高于咽拭子(24.40%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=64.53,P<0.001)。结论防城港市手足口病主要危害4岁以下儿童,其它EV为优势病原体,EV71阳性更容易导致重症病例发生。Objetive To analyze the etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease （HFMD） in Fengchenggang city during 2010-2015, and provide a basis for further prevention and control of HFMD. Methods Etiological surveillance data of HFMD in Fangchenggang City in 2010-2015 were collected and were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results A total of 1,405 samples of HFMD cases were detected and 703 were general enterovirus nuclear acids positive, with a detection rate of 50.04%（703/1,504）.Of the 703 cases, 22.19% （156/703） were infected with enterovirus 71（EV71）, 19.20% （135/703） with Coxackievirus A16 （CoxA16）, and 58.61% （412/703） with other enterovirus. EV71 was the major pathogen （62.90%, 39/62） in 2011, while the other enterovirus were predominant in the other 5 years, 70.73% （72/99） in 2010, 45.38% （54/119） in 2012, 76.65% （151/197） in 2013, 43.86% （75/171） in 2014, and 83.64% （46/55） in 2015. The dominant pathogen were different each month,CoxA16 in February, EV71 in April and other EV in the other months. For the monitoring cases and positive cases, the male to female ratios were 1.67：1 and 2.04：1 respectively. The surveillance cases （87.47%, 1,229/1,405） and positive cases （90.19%,634/703） mainly concentrated in the children under the age of 4 years. The cases distributed in all the counties （cities, districts）. The incidence of severe cases caused by EV71 （16.03%, 25/156） was higher than that caused by the other enterovirus （6.31%, 26/412） and by CoxA16 （0.74%, 1/135） , with significant difference （χ2=43.62,P〈0.001）. The detection rates of various pathogens from anal swab specimen （54.52%） were higher than those from pharyngeal swab specimens（24.40%） ,showing statistical difference （χ2=64.53,P〈0.001）. Conclusions HFMD mainly does harm to children under 5 years old in Fengchenggang city. The other EV is the major pathogen. EV71 is more easier to lead to severe cases than CoxA16 and other enter

关 键 词：手足口病 病原学 肠道病毒 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]