少棘蜈蚣最细粉小鼠急性毒性和大鼠3月慢性毒性研究  

Study the acute toxicity in mice and 3 months of chronic toxicity in rats of Scolopendra multilan's finest powder

作　　者：吴春红 梁刚[1] 张红 张丹 刘明华 

机构地区：[1]西南医科大学药学院,泸州646000 [2]成都大学,成都610106

出　　处：《中药药理与临床》2017年第5期115-119,共5页Pharmacology and Clinics of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：四川省科技厅-泸州市政府-泸州医学院联合项目(NO:14ZC0064)

摘　　要：目的:探索少棘蜈蚣最细粉的小鼠急性毒性反应及大鼠3月慢性毒性,包括毒性剂量、毒性反应和可能的毒性靶器官。方法:小鼠24小时内一次性灌胃不同剂量的少棘蜈蚣最细粉,观察动物的急性毒性反应及死亡情况,计算半数致死量(LD50)。SD大鼠连续灌胃不同剂量的少棘蜈蚣最细粉(0.5 g/kg、1.0 g/kg、2.0 g/kg,分别为临床常用剂量10倍、20倍、40倍)和等容量的生理盐水。于给药4周、12周和恢复2周,测定血液学指标、血生化学指标、脏器指数,发现毒性靶器官,并进行脏器组织病理学检查。结果:少棘蜈蚣最细粉对小鼠LD50为8.8218 g/kg,其95%可信限为8.3800≤LD50≤9.2870 g/kg。少棘蜈蚣最细粉对大鼠体重增长有一定的抑制作用,血液学检查红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白测定(HGB)降低,血小板计数(PLT)、血小板压积(PCT)升高,血生化检查谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、肌酸激酶(CK)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(CREA)均明显升高,病理组织检查主要可致肾、肝、肺和睾丸病变。结论:少棘蜈蚣最细粉小鼠LD50为8.8218 g/kg,属于微毒级别,大鼠3月慢性毒性主要有一定溶血毒性,且毒性靶器官可能为肾脏、肝脏、肺和睾丸。Objective： To explore the acute toxicity in mice and 3 months of chronic toxicity in rats which includes the toxic dose,toxic reaction and possible toxic target organ of the Scolopendra multilan＇s finest powder. Method： Mice were intragastric given different doses of the Scolopendra multilan＇s finest powder in 24 hours. The acute toxicity and the mortality of animals were observed,and the median lethal dose（LD50） was calculated. SD rats were given different doses of the Scolopendra multilan＇s finest powder（0. 5 g/kg,1. 0 g/kg,2. 0 g/kg,10 times,20 times,40 times vs clinical dose） and the same amount of physiological saline. 4 weeks,12 weeks and 2 weeks after the treatment,hematological indexes,blood biochemical indexes,organ indices,toxic target organs and pathological examination of organs were detected. Results： LD50 of Scolopendra multilan＇s finest powder in mice was 8. 8218 g/kg,95% confidence limit of LD50 was 8. 3800≤ LD50≤9. 2870 g/kg. The Scolopendra multilan＇s finest powder had certain inhibitory effect on rat body weight gain,in the blood examination,red blood cell count（RBC）and hemoglobin（HGB） decreased,platelet count（PLT） and plateletcrit（PCT） increased,in the blood biochemical examination,aspartate aminotransferase（AST）,alanine aminotransferase（ALT）,creatine kinase（CK）,urea nitrogen（BUN）,creatinine（CREA） were significantly increased,the pathological examination mainly caused kidney,liver,lung and testicular lesions. Conclusion： LD50 is 8. 8218 g/kg,the Scolopendra multilan＇s finest powder has the micro toxicity. And it has mainly hemolytic toxicity in 3 months of chronic toxicity test,and the toxic target organs may be the kidney,liver,lung and testis.

关 键 词：少棘蜈蚣最细粉 急性毒性 半数致死量 慢性毒性 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]