单波束无验潮测深数据滤波方法  

The filtering method of single beam sounding data without tidal observation

作　　者：王君婷 王振杰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东),山东青岛266580 [2]海洋国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《工程勘察》2018年第3期48-52,74,共6页Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41374008);国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0501700;2016YFB0501705);国家科技支撑计划(2014BAK11B01);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2015DL004)

摘　　要：水深测量过程中,由于受到仪器不稳定、浅水混响及水中有漂浮物等因素的影响,测深数据中不可避免地存在测量粗差,无法正常反应海底地形情况。本文以RTK无验潮模式下的单波束水深测量为例,简要介绍了该测深技术要点,并针对测深数据中的粗差滤波方法进行研究,重点研究了中值滤波、加权平均法、趋势面滤波和基于M估计的选权迭代四种方法,以青岛琅琊港码头实测水深数据为例进行对比分析。实验结果表明,基于M估计的选权迭代的效果最好,其RMS值最小达0.08m,该方法能够有效削弱粗差的影响,得到更稳定的水深值。In the process of hydrographic surveys,the depth value inevitably has the gross errors,due to the influence of the unstable of instrument,shallow water reverberation and a floater in water,and it cannot reflect the conditions of the sea bottom. Taking an example of using a single-beam echo sounder and the model of RTK survey without tidal observation, main points of experimental technique are introduced and the data filtering methods for the sounding gross errors are studied. The paper focuses on the methods of median filter,weighted average filter,trend surface filter and selecting weight iterations based on M estimate,and water depth data collected at terminal in Qingdao is used to provide the performance comparison and analysis of the different methods. The result shows that selecting weight iteration method based on M estimate has the best effect and the corresponding RMS is minimum of0. 08 m,the method can effectively weaken the influence of gross errors and get accurate depth.

关 键 词：单波束测深仪 RTK无验潮水深测量 粗差 水深数据滤波 

分 类 号：P229[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]