奶牛大肠杆菌性乳房炎的家兔病理模型建立  

Establishment of a rabbit pathological model for dairy cow infected with Escherichia coli mastitis

作　　者：李东贺 孟凡茹 张可皖月 雷柴琴 张扬 郝景锋 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业科技学院动物科技学院/预防兽医学吉林省重点实验室

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2018年第2期79-82,共4页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：吉林省科技厅重点科技攻关项目(20150204024NY);吉林省教育厅项目(吉教科合字[2016]第205号);国家级大学生创新项目(201611439025);吉林省大学生创新项目(2016064);吉林农业科技学院重点学科项目(吉农院合字[2015]第X50号)

摘　　要：为了建立家兔乳房炎疾病模型,采用,选取体重4.0-5.0 kg的健康怀孕新西兰兔20只,随机分成对照组（n=4）和试验组,试验组于泌乳期（分娩后7-10 d）在健康家兔的第2对乳池内注入1.0 m L（10^6CFU/m L）致病性大肠杆菌制成的细菌悬液,并于灌注后8、16、32和64 h通过临床症状、乳腺组织病理变化、血常规等主要指标以及回归试验等方法验证造模是否成功。结果显示：自造模8 h后家兔出现食欲下降,呼吸、体温以及脉搏不同程度增加,乳腺出现不同程度肿胀,触诊敏感性增强等炎性表现;造模乳腺组织镜检发现有炎性细胞浸润、组织结构破坏等现象;血常规显示试验组白细胞、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞总数与对照组相比显著增加（P〈0.05）;回归试验结果全部呈阳性,通过形态学以及生化鉴定为大肠杆菌。结果表明：致病性大肠杆菌诱发家兔乳房炎模型与炎症的病理过程一致,可用作乳房炎疾病模型使用。In order to establish a rabbit mastitis disease model,20 healthy New Zealand pregnant rabbits were used and randomly divided into control group and treated group. The bacterial suspension of 10^6 CFU/m L was prepared by pathogenic Escherichia coli and 1. 0 m L of bacterial suspension and was injected into the second breast pool of the treated rabbits during their lactation period（7-10 days after childbirth）. Then,clinical symptoms,histopathological changes in breast,the total number of white blood cells in the blood and other major indicators were observed,and regression tests and other methods were performed,both to see if the modeling was successful. The results showed that,eight hours after modeling,the rabbits showed decreased appetite,different degrees of increased respiration,body temperature and pulse,swelling mammary glands and enhanced palpation sensitivity. Microscopic examination of the modeled breast tissues revealed inflammatory cell infiltration,destruction of tissue structure and other damages. Blood routine examination showed that the total number of leukocytes in the treated group was significantly increased（P〈0. 05）,compared with the control group. The results of the regression test were all positive. Morphological and biochemical examinations showed that it was E. coli that caused the inflammation. Pathogenic E. coli induced the rabbit mastitis model whose pathological process was consistent with that of the inflammation in breast. The model could be used as one for mastitis disease.

关 键 词：家兔 乳房炎 病理模型 大肠杆菌 白细胞总数 

分 类 号：S852[农业科学—基础兽医学]