多级孔沸石的孔结构调控合成及其催化应用研究进展  

Research Progress on Hierarchically Porous Zeolites: Structural Control, Synthesis and Catalytic Applications

作　　者：陈航榕[1] 周晓霞[1] 施剑林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所,上海200050

出　　处：《无机材料学报》2018年第2期113-127,共15页Journal of Inorganic Materials

基　　金：国家重点基础研究计划(2013CB933200);国家自然科学青年基金(51502330);高性能陶瓷和超微结构国家重点实验室项目(SKL201604);上海市国际合作项目(16520710200)~~

摘　　要：沸石由于特殊的离子交换性,丰富的酸性位以及较高的水热稳定性,被广泛地应用于工业催化和分离吸附等领域。但是由于其较小的微孔尺寸(<1.5 nm),在一些大分子参与的催化反应中受到极大的限制。多级孔沸石在保留传统沸石晶化骨架、酸性位以及高水热稳定性的同时引入了多级孔结构,可极大改善分子的扩散和传质,减少积碳,延长催化剂的使用寿命,使其在催化领域获得更为广泛的应用。本文系统综述了多级孔沸石在孔结构调控方面的研究进展,着重介绍了无序介孔/大孔结构的多级孔沸石、有序介孔结构的多级孔沸石、取向排列的双介孔结构多级孔沸石、空心结构的多级孔沸石、集大孔–介孔–微孔为一体的多级孔沸石等的合成策略与机理以及结构表征。概述了多级孔沸石在催化领域中的应用进展;通过与传统沸石和无定型介孔材料的对比,这种新型的多级孔沸石展现出独特的优势。最后,对未来多级孔沸石的发展与应用潜力进行了展望。Zeolite has an excellent ion-exchange property, rich acid sites and good structure and catalysis stability. Therefore, it has been widely used in many fields, i.e., industrial catalysis, separation and adsorption, etc. However, the application of zeolite is greatly limited in many catalytic reactions involved in the large molecules due to its smaller micropore size （〈 1.5 nm）. The introduction of hierarchically porous structure into conventional zeolite crystals not only keeps their crystalline framework, acidic active sites and high thermal and hydrothermal stability, but also accelerates the diffusion/transfer of larger molecules and greatly decreases the formation of carbon residue, thus prolonging the catalyst life, which enables them more popular applications in the catalytic field. Herein, the recent research progresses of the control of pore structural, the synthesis strategy and mechanism of some typical kinds of hierarchically porous zeolites, including disordered mesoporous/macroporous structure, ordered mesoporous/ macroporous structure, dual mesopore structure with certain orientation, hollow structure and macroprous- mesoporous-microporous structure, etc, are concluded. In addition, the application progresses of these hierarchically porous zeolites in catalytic fields are summarized. Compared with the conventional zeolites and amorphous mesopore materials, the novel hierarchically porous zeolites show more excellent catalytic performance due to the crystalline framework and the introduce of hierarchically pore structure. Finally, an outlook for the hierarchically porous zeolite promising development in the future is given out.

关 键 词：多级孔 沸石 结构调控 大孔/介孔/微孔 催化应用 综述 

分 类 号：TQ174[化学工程—陶瓷工业]