空气微生物群落样品采集、解析方法及研究进展  

On the sample collection,community analysis and research advances of the airborne microbial communities

作　　者：樊晓燕[1] 高景峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2018年第1期357-363,共7页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51378027,51578015);北京市自然科学基金项目(8162010)

摘　　要：综述了空气微生物的采样方法和群落解析方法,并着重从时空变化规律、特殊事件的影响、来源和环境因子的关系这4个方面对空气细菌的研究进展进行了详细的介绍,展望了空气微生物研究的方向,以期为空气微生物领域相关的研究提供理论依据。This paper is intended to provide a review of the sampiing collection and community analysis of the airborne microbial communities. Since it is the first step to choose proper sampling methods for investigating the airborne communities, a great variety of air microorganism sampling methods has to be chosen available and suitable for the purpose, though there do not exist any standardized protocols in this connection. However, in general, two sampling methods can be found broadly adopted for the purpose of impaetion and filtration. What is more, it is also necessary to update the currently used community analysis methods for the airborne microorganisms constantly and purposefully. Of the two aforementioned community analysis methods, there exists a general tendency to switch from the culture-dependent approach to the culture-independent one. However, the culture-dependent method tends to underestimate the bacterial diversity to some extent due to the fact that there is only a low proportion of the viable microorganisms that could be cultured. But, in contrast, the culture-independent methods mainly include the polymerase chain reaction, the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism, the clone, pyrosequeneing, and the Illumina high-throughput sequence. So far as we know, the most Widely used methods for the time being are the pyrosequencing and Illumina sequencing, which are in a position to promote human knowledge of the airborne microbial communities for their advantages of being greatly thorough-going. Furthermore, the paper has also made a more comprehensive review of the currently research advances of the airborne bacterial communities with its focus being put on the following 4 aspects： （ 1 ） their temporal and spatial variability; （ 2 ） the effect of the dust or haze on them; （ 3 ） their potential sources ; and, （4） their relations with the environmental and meteorological changing factors. As shown in the pioneering and initiative invest

关 键 词：环境工程学 空气微生物 采样方法 分子生物学技术 高通量测序 空气细菌群落 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]