野生动物致损与经济补偿的诸多选项  

Damage Caused by Wild Animals and Its Economic Compensation

作　　者：龙耀 

机构地区：[1]广西大学公共管理学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《改革》2018年第2期146-158,共13页Reform

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"自然保护区内少数民族财产性收入增长机制研究"(批准号:12CMZ049)

摘　　要：我国野生动物致损补偿政策还不完善,导致受损农民难以得到合理补偿。在补偿范围方面,应明确将人工驯养繁殖动物的致损排除在行政补偿范围之外,将"人员伤亡"纳入补偿范围,并将行政补偿责任排除的情形法定化。在补偿标准方面,应在坚持"行政补偿"性质的前提下,提高补偿标准至"赔偿"标准。在责任主体方面,宜将预防责任具体化,明确责任主体的层级划分,并纠正当前将责任机构"政府部门化"倾向,将责任回归"政府"。在补偿程序机制方面,宜从便民的角度出发,由乡镇政府负责受理补偿申请并初步调查,县级野生动物行政主管部门负责核查,县级人民政府最终决定。在经费保障机制方面,应明确划分中央、省级和市县等各级政府的具体负担比例,建立野生动物致损保险制度,建立野生动物致损补偿基金。The policy of compensation for wildlife damage in China is not perfect, and it is difficult for the injured farmers to get reasonable compensation. On the compensation scope, the damage caused by artificial domestication and breeding animals should be excluded from the scope of administrative compensation, and ＂casualties＂ caused by wildlife should be brought into the compensation scope, and the situation of the elimination of administrative compensation liability should be legalized, On the compensation standard, it should be raised to the ＂state compensation＂ standard under the premise of ＂administrative compensation＂. On the responsibility, it is appropriate to concretize the prevention responsibility, clarify the hierarchy of the responsibility, correct the current tendency that let the ＂government departments＂ become responsibility, and turn responsibility into ＂government＂. On the compensation program mechanism, based on the perspective of convenient, the township government should undertake the duties to accept the compensation application and the preliminary investigation, the departments of wildlife administration at the county level should be responsible for checking, and the government at the county level should be responsible to make the finally decision. On the funds safeguard mechanism, the concrete burden proportion should be clearly divided into all levels of government including central, provincial , cities and counties. It is need to build insurance system to deal with the wildlife damage compensation, and establish fund for wildlife damage.

关 键 词：野生动物致损补偿 生态环境保护 和谐共生 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]