扎龙湿地土壤微生物群落结构的季节变化特征  

Seasonal variation characteristics of soil microbial community structure in Zhalong wetland

作　　者：王璐璐[1] 马大龙[1] 李森森[1] 苑亚茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2018年第1期166-171,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41501065);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(D2015002);中国博士后科学基金项目(2017M611381);黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划项目(UNPYSCT-2017177)资助~~

摘　　要：运用磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）法研究扎龙湿地各季节土壤微生物群落结构和多样性.结果表明：不同季节土壤中共检测到29（春）、30（夏）、29（秋）和27（冬）种PLFA,其中含量最高的PLFA分别为16：0（16.49%）、18：1ω9c（17.41%）、18：1ω9c（20.48%）和18：2ω6,9（26.16%）.季节变化对一般性细菌、G~＋菌、G^-菌、真菌、放线菌和总PLFAs有显著影响（P〈0.05）,除真菌外均表现为春季最高、冬季最低,而真菌则为冬季最高、春季最低.香农-威纳多样性指数和Mc Intosh指数在春季最高,Simpson指数则在冬季最高.主成分分析（PCA）表明,第1主成分和第2主成分共解释土壤微生物群落结构总变异的87.6%,不同季节间土壤微生物群落结构存在显著差异.冗余分析（RDA）表明,放线菌和G~＋菌与土壤有机质、总氮、速效氮和速效钾呈显著正相关,G^-菌与速效磷呈显著正相关,真菌和一般性细菌与土壤pH呈显著正相关.扎龙湿地微生物群落结构的季节波动与土壤养分状况密切相关,研究结果可为扎龙湿地生态功能恢复提供科学依据.The soil microbial community structure and diversity across seasons in Zhalong wetland were investigated by using the phospholipid fatty acid（PLFA） method. The results showed that 29（spring）, 30（summer）, 29（autumn）, and 27（winter） kinds of PLFA were detected in soil samples across different seasons, of which the highest PLFA content was 16：0（16.49%）, 18：1ω9 c（17.41%）, 18：1ω9 c（20.48%）, and 18：2ω6,9（26.16%）, respectively. Seasonal variation significantly affects the content of general bacterial PLFAs, G~＋ bacterial PLFAs, G^- bacterial PLFAs, fungal PLFAs, actinomycetic PLFAs, and total microbial PLFAs（P〈0.05）. Fungal PLFAs were the highest in winter and lowest in spring, whereas other microbial PLFAs were the highest in spring and lowest in winter. The Shannon-Wiener and Mc Intosh index were the highest in spring, whereas the Simpson index was the highest in winter. Principal component analysis indicated that the first and second principal components together explained 87.6% of the total variation of soil microbial community structure, and significant differences were noted in soil microbial community structure among different seasons. Redundancy analysis showed that actinomycetes and G~＋ bacteria had a significantly positive correlation with soil organic matter, total N, available N, and available K; a strong positive correlation was noted between G^-bacteria and available P, and fungi and general bacteria were significantly positively related to soil pH. These results showed that a close relationship existed between the seasonal fluctuation of microbial community structure and soil nutrient status, which could provide a scientific basis for ecological restoration in Zhalong wetland.

关 键 词：扎龙湿地 微生物群落结构 磷脂脂肪酸 季节变化 土壤环境因子 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学]